英语倒装句.doc

倒装句
倒装分两类:全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。实义动词、情态动词或be 动词放在主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
口诀速记:
副词开头要倒装,人称代词则如常。only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词,“既不……也不”需倒装。表语前置主语长,衔接自然常倒装。such代词作表语,引起主谓要倒装。not only开头句,前一分句需倒装。had,were,should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。
全部倒装的情况
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(1)there引导的存在句
①There is a book in the bag. ②There came shouts for help from the river.
常见动词有be, come, lie, happen, appear, seem, stand, exist, live, remain等。
(2)在here, there, away, in, out, down, up, off, now, then开头的句子里
①es the bus.②There goes the train. ③In rushed the children. ④es your turn.
①谓语常是表示方位或位移的不及物动词lie, live, sit, stand, be, come, go, run, rise等。②主语是人称代词时,不倒装。如:Here we are. There es.
(3)介词短语或方位词组作地点状语位于句首
①Between the buildings stands a tall tree. ②South of the city lies a steel factory. ③From the village came a frightening sound.
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(4)代词such作表语,意为“这样的人,这样的物”,应置于句首
①Such were the facts.
②Such was Albert Einstein.
主谓一致
(5)平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密
They reached a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
主谓一致
2. 部分倒装的情况
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(1)so, neither, nor开头的句子,表示“也一样、也不”
①I like sports, and so does my brother. ②If you go, so will I. ③He hasn'e, nor have his sisters. ④If you don't go, neither shall I.
①使用正确的助动词。②当so表示对前句内容的肯定和附和时,用自然语序。如:—Tom works hard. —So he does and so do you. (他的确很用功,你也是。)
(2)含有否定意义的副词(词组),如:never, seldom,