超级电容器技术资料【中英文对照】.doc

超级电容器技术资料【中英文对照】
High Energy Density UltraCapacitor (UC)
高能量密度超级电容器(UC)
Background
The first recorded creation of a capacitor was 1745 by Ewald von Klieist. It was a glass jar coated inside and out with metal. A rod was placed through an insulating lid touching the inner coating. This is the first capacitor that was constructed from layered metal separated by a dielectric.
背景
历史上第一个有留下记录的电容器是克拉斯特主教(Ewald von
Kleist) 在1745年所发明;它是一个内外层均镀有金属膜的玻璃瓶。玻璃瓶内有一金属杆,通过一个绝缘盖触及内部涂层。这是第一个由一个绝缘体隔离的分层金属构造的电容器。
Capacitors typically store charge on electrically conductive surfaces. These charge bearing surfaces are separated by a dielectric? an electrical insulator with a bulk resistance greater than 106 ohm-cm. As a charge is placed on the material surfaces, an electrical field is established between the plates resulting in a voltage. charge stored within the capacitor is always zero.
电容器通常在电传导表面储存电荷。这些电荷支承表面被一个绝缘电介质隔离; 一个电绝缘体的电阻大于106 ohm-cm,当在金属表面上储存电
荷时,两个金属盘之间将建立电场并产生电压。储存在电容器内的净电荷始终为零。
Charge can be added to the plates until the electric field es so strong that it breaks down the dielectric. One measure of dielectric's performance is its permittivity? its capacitance per unit length. The higher the permittivity the slower the electric field will build for a given amount of charge. The other measure of a dielectric’s performance is its breakdown voltage? the electric field strength that will cause the dielectric to rupture.
在金属板上可以增加电荷,直至电场变强打破电介质。衡量电介质性能的一个标准是其介电常数;即每单位长度的电容量。介电常数越高,电场建立给定电荷量的速度越慢。衡量电介质性能的另一个标准是其击穿电压,即将导致电介质破裂的电场强度。
While a battery stores its energy as a chemical potential, a capacitor's energy is stored in its electric field created by charge on the plates. A capacitor
typically can accept and deliver energy faster and with less loss than a battery. This makes capacitors more efficient and more powerful than batteries. Larson Group 1
The controlling physical parameters of a capacitor are described by three simple equations: