高考英语外研版一轮复习 附录11定语从句.ppt

(十一)定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that引导定语从句时,可在
从句中作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。who代指人,作主语或宾
语;whom代指人,作动词宾语或介词宾语;whose代指人(=of
whom)或物(=of which),作定语;which代指物,作主语或宾语;
that代指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语。
This is the detective who came from London.
The book which/that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
He is no longer the boy that he used to be two years ago.
使用关系代词时应注意以下几点:
(1)“介词+关系代词”可以引导定语从句,但关系代词只可用
whom或which,不可用who或that。
The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.
In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn
for help.
(2)“whose +n.”引导定语从句时,可换成“the +n.+ of whom/
which”或“of which + the +n.”。
He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea.
He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea.
He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea.
(3)which引导的定语从句还可修饰前面整个主句,此时which相当
于and this。
He eeded in petition,which made his parents very happy.
The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we
could expect.
【注】判断定语从句用什么引导词的关键是看先行词在从句中
作什么成分。
I’ll never forget the day that/which I spent with you on the farm.(先行
词the day作spent的宾语:I spent the day with you on the farm.)
I’ll never forget the day when I worked together with you on the
farm.(先行词the day在从句中作状语:I worked together with you on
the farm on that day.)
He works in the factory which makes color TV sets.(先行词the factory在从
句中作主语:The factory makes color TV sets.)
He works in the factory where color TV sets are made.(先行词the factory在
从句中作状语:Color TV sets are made in the factory.)
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
,where,why在定语从句中分别表示时间、地点或
原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where充当地点状语,
why充当原因状语。当先行词在定语从句中作状语时,引导词要用关
系副词。
I will never forget the day when I met Mr. Lin.
This is the place where we lived for 5 years.
I know the reason why he came late.
“介词+关系代词”。when可换成on/in/by which
等,where可换成at/in/from which等,why换成for which。
This is the factory where I paid a visit the other day.
This is the factory to which I paid a visit the