该【语言学,第十二章课件 】是由【yzhlya】上传分享,文档一共【24】页,该文档可以免费在线阅读,需要了解更多关于【语言学,第十二章课件 】的内容,可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能,选择自己适合的文档,以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字,如需要获得完整电子版,请下载此文档到您的设备,方便您编辑和打印。PartTwo
Chapter12Theories&schoolsofmodernlinguistics
-GenerativeGrammar
:BoasandSapir
’stheory
-BloomfieldianLinguistics
(omitted)
AmericanStructuralism
,fromthatofEurope,(1858-1942),whosetraditionhasactuallyinfluencedthewholeofthe20th-centuryAmericanlinguistics.
AmericanStructuralism
Boasheldthattherewasnoidealtypeorformoflanguages,,,therewereonlydifferencesinlanguagestructure,whilethereisnodifferencebetweenlanguagesintermsofbeingmoreorlessreasonableoradvanced.
Boas
HeundertookthedescriptionofAmericanIndianlanguagesafterBoas’smethod.
Sapir-WorfHypothesis
Universalfeaturesoflanguage
Withoutlanguage,thoughtisimpossible,andthereisnoculture.
Sapir
Language:AnIntroductiontotheStudyofSpeech(1921)
Ananthropologicalviewpoint
Thenatureoflanguageanditsdevelopment
Focusontypology
Elementsofspeech,thesoundsoflanguage,forminlanguage,grammaticalprocess,grammaticalconcepts,typesoflinguisticstructure,andhistoricalchanges
Sapir
AmericanStructuralism
’stheory
(1887-1949).HeissuchalandmarkfigureinthehistoryofAmericanlinguisticsthattheperiodbetween1933and1950isknownasBloomfieldianEra,inwhichAmericandescriptivelinguisticsformallycameintobeingandreacheditsprimedevelopment.
2)Behaviourism
S
……...
s
r
R
外部刺激:
Hunger
语言外部实际反应:getheranapple
语言的代替性反应:Iwantanapple
语言的代替性刺激:Ok,I’llgetitforyou.
S
R
………..
s
r
Mentalprocesses
ofthespeaker
Mentalprocesses
ofthehearer
Observableparts:utterances
Learningalanguageinvolvesconstantpracticeandrepetitioninrealsituationsratherthanmerelyteachinglanguagelearnersgrammaticaltheories.
1)HarrisMethodsinStructuralLinguistics
markingthematurityofAmericandescriptivelinguistics.
2)HockettACourseinModernLinguistics
awell-knowntextbookintheAmericandescriptivetradition
3)
theirtechniqueoflinguisticanalysis–TAGMEMICS.
4)
语言学,第十二章课件 来自淘豆网www.taodocs.com转载请标明出处.