施工放样作业.doc

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Settingoutwork(1)
Constructionlofting
(1)constructionsurveyloftingprocessflowdiagram;
(two)constructionsurveyloftingmethodandrequirements;

Theguidebookiswrittenaccordingtotheconventionalmethodoflofting,loftingpersonnelmustaccordingtotheactualsituation,suchasprecision,thedistributionofcontrolpoints,theexistingequipment,siteconditions,calculationtooltoselectthemeasurementsiteandloftingpoints
Differentcombinationsofdifferentdesignmethodsanddifferentmethodsofnuclearexamination.
Differentprojectandthesameprojectofdifferentstages,differentpartsoftheloftingsiteaccuracyrequirementsaredifferent,,pleasestrictlyimplementthe"engineeringsurveyspecifications","highwayconstructionsurveyspecifications"and"constructionsurveycontrolprocedures".,itwillbecarriedoutaccordingtothedesignrequirements.
Two,datacollectionandloftingplanformulation
,theplaneandelevationcontroldataoftheconstructionareashallbeobtainedfromthelegalandeffectiveway.
2.,accordingtothesitecontrolpointsignsarestableandwell,andsoon,theexistingcontrolpointdataanalysis,todeterminewhetherallorpartofthecontrolpointsfortesting.
3.,theexistingcontrolpointscannotmeettheprecisionrequirements,shouldberelayoutcontrol,theexistingcontrolpointdensitycannotmeettheneedsoflofting,shouldbeencryptedaccordingtotheexistingcontrolpoints.
4.,accordingtotheformaldesigndrawings,documents,modifynoticeofmeasurementlofting,notwithoralnoticeandunauthorizeddrawingslofting.
5.,accordingtothespecificationsanddesignrequirementsofprecision,andcombinedwithpersonnelandequipmentconditions,:detectionandencryptionofcontrolpoints,layingoutbasis,settingoutmethodandprecisionestimation,loftingprocedures,personnelandequipmentallocation,etc..

,calculatethebuildingoutline,controlpoints,dataanddimensioning,andrecordtheresults.
2.,selectthemeasuringloftingmethod,andcalculatetheloftingdata,orwritemeasurementloftingcalculationprogram,drawoutloftingsketch,andbythesecondindependentcheck.
,checktheroutinesettings,suchasunit,coordinatemode,compensationmode,prismtype,prismconstant,temperature,airpressure,etc..
4.,withthememoryofthetotalstationinstrument,youcanadvancecontrolpoints(includingtheintendedsites,checkpoints)andloftingpointscoordinatedataintotheinstrumentmemory,andcheck.
Four,totalstationcoordinatemethodsetstation+polarcoordinatemethodreleasepoint
,afterinitializationchecktheinstrumentsettings:temperature,pressure,constantinput(transferred)prism;3Dcoordinatemeasurementsite,measuringinstrumentandhighinput,theinput(in)aftertheviewcoordinate,,thecoordinateandelevationofthepostviewcanbemeasuredimmediatelyandcheckedwiththeknowndata.
,checktheazimuthorcoordinate;erecttheprismorruleratanotherknownelevationpoint,andchecktheinstrument',therecordkeepershouldalsoperformtheappropriatecalculationtocheckthecorrectnessoftheinputdata.
,take,recordandinputprismheight,.
,anotherstationtocheckaverticalmirrorcoordinatesandelevation.
.
,directingthedirectortomovetheprismtotheinstrument'slineofsight,measuringthedistancefromtheD.
:D=D-Ddegrees,andthecommanddirectorgoesforwardorbackwardonthelineofsight,DeltaD.
.(nonhardgroundcanbedrivenatthistime)
Nine
Checktheazimuthvalueoftheinstrument,theprismbubblestrictlyCenter(whennecessaryerectionofthreetripod),andthenmeasuredonce,ifthedeltaDislessthanthelimitrequirements,youcanaccuratelycalibratethepoint.
,,addanotebesidethesign.
~10oftheprocess,stakingoutallthepointstobesetoutatthestation.
,canbeinanotherstationonthestationtostartsettingout,havebeenreleasedbutalsodetectedbefore2to3samplingpoints,thedifferenceshouldnotexceedtheallowabledeviationofpointsetting.
,therandomnumberofloftingpointsshallbedeterminedandrecorded,andthedifferenceshallbenomorethantheallowabledeviationoftheloftingpoints;
,theInspectorchecks,calculatesandsignsthedata.
,atthesametimecheckpointbetweenthegeometryandstructurerelationshipandtherelativerelationshipofsizeandlinerecordstoverifytheannotationdataandsettingoutpointswithouterror.
.
Five,totalstation(rangefinder)angleintersectionmethod,setstation+polarcoordinatemethodlofting
Thetotalstationinstrument(CeJuyi)iserectedontheunknownpointPandleveled;
;
In2,B,,D,elevationDHandPAtoPB,
PChorizontalanglebetweendirections,alpha,beta.
Agroupof3points,withthecoordinatecalculationofcoordinatesD,A,Bandalphapointcalculation;anothergroupofcoordinatebycoordinateD,PA,Cbetaandthedifferencebetweenthetwogroups;coordinatesdonotexceedthespecifiedlimit,thenumberisthefinalcoordinatesofthepointP.
4,accordingtotheelevationofApoints,HAandelevationdifferenceDH,theinstrument'slineofsightishigh:H,dependingon=HA-DH.
,.
,andtheloftingprocessisthesameasthatof"four,4~16".
Six,theodoliteanglemeasuringmethodandpolarcoordinatemethodlofting
(ortotalstation,whenaknownpointinconvenientprism),leveling;placementofsightingmarkaknownpointinA,B,C,D.
2.,thefarpointofthefourpointAiszero,andthedirectionmeasurementmethodisusedtomeasurethetwovaluesofA,B,C,DandA;
;differenceoftwocoordinatesdonotexceedthespecifiedlimit,thenumberofpointsaslastcoordinates.
,loftingaccuracyisnothigh(greaterthan5cm),canobservationinstrumenttothetwocontrolpointtwothezenithdistancemeasurement,twoeyeswereusedtoinversetrigonometriclevelingstationinstrumenthigh(ifhighprecisionordistancegreaterthan200meters,tojointheballgascorrection).Ifthedifferencedoesnotexceedthelimit,thepreferrednumberistheinstrument'slineofsight.
,theinstrumentcenter,coordinateorelevationcanbeprojectedontothegroundformarking.
,farasthedirectionofvisualconfiguration(configurationdialtozerodirectionorazimuthdirection),,thedirectionofthesettingshallbecorrected.