2D4D values are associated with mathematics performance in business and economics students.pdf.pdf

Learning and Individual Differences 36 (2014) 110–116
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Learning and Individual Differences
journal homepage: ate/lindif
2D:4D values are associated with mathematics performance in business
and economics students
Ángeles Sánchez ⁎, José Sánchez-Campillo, Dolores Moreno-Herrero, Virginia Rosales
Department of Applied Economics, University of Granada (Spain), Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Campus Cartuja s/n., Granada 18071, Spain
article info abstract
Article history: Prenatal testosterone anizational effects on adult cognition. The second-to-fourth digit length ratio, which
Received 24 August 2013 is a proxy of prenatal testosterone exposure, has been linked to a wide variety of sexually differentiated
Received in revised form 11 October 2014 behaviors. We analyze the association between academic performance and the second-to-fourth digit ratio
Accepted 23 October 2014
among students at the Faculty of Business and Economics of the University of Granada (Spain). In a sample of
516 freshmen (304 women), we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between digit ratio and mathematics
Keywords:
Prenatal sex hormones grades. Males and females show the same pattern. Participants with both high and low digit ratios earn lower
2D:4D grades in mathematics, while participants which have intermediate digit ratios