Approaches to translation Peter Newmark 翻译方法.doc

Approaches to translation
Peter Newmark
Contents
Part one: Aspects of Translation Theory
The theory and the craft of translation
What translation theory is about
Communicative and semantic translation I
Thought, speech, and translation
Communicative and semantic translation II
The translation of proper names and institutional and cultural terms
The translation of metaphor
The translation process and synonymy
Translation and the metalingual function of language
P3.
In the pre-linguistics period of translation, they make no attempt to distinguish types or quality of texts (which are mainly Biblical or literary), and while they are strong on theory, they are short on method and practical examples. They show a gradual transition from a natural or free treatment towards a literal analysis, if not translation, of the original, but there is no development of a theory, and many of the writers were not aware of each other’s work.
Translation Theory
theory’s main concerns is to determine appropriate translation methods for the widest possible range of texts or text-categories.
The theory demonstrates the possible translation procedures and the various arguments for and against the use of one translation rather than another in a particular context. Note that translation theory is concerned with choices and decisions, not with the mechanics of either the so