looking for quark saturation in proton and nuclei 2017 wei zhu资料.pdf

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panyDOI:,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,.******@,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Lanzhou730000,.******@,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,.******@,,.Keywords:Quarksaturation;(s):,,,–Marian–Iancu–McLerran–Weigert–Leonidov–Kovner(JIMWLK)equation1–5sumsthecontributionsofmulti-gluonfusionstotheBalitsky–Fadin–Kuraev–Lipatov(BFKL)–11AninterestingpropertyofJIMWLKequationisa?attishsolutionoftheunintegratedgluondistributionφg(x,kT)intheregionofsmalltransversemomentumkT<Qs,～Qs,onecan?ndthatthemajorityofgluonsinthissaturationsolutionhavetransversemomentumkT～-1:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-,&—lasscondensation(CGC),,,,(x,Q2)atscaleofQ2isthenumberofpar-tonsperunitrapidityinterval(thepartonrapidityisde?nedasy=ln(1/x)andxf(x,Q2)=dN/dy).Therefore,thetransversespaceperpartonisπR2/xf(x,Q2)NinanucleonofradiusRN,andthecross-sectionfortwopartoninteractionisesti-matedtobeCαs/Q2,inwhichCisamodel-?ectisimportantwhenthenumberofpartonsperunitofrapiditytimesthegluon–gluoninteractioncross-,thecorrespondingscaleQscanbeestimatedbyxf(x,Q2)Q2=Cαs.(1)ssπR2NThesaturationcriticalboundaryQs(x)separatesthediluteanddensepartonicsystemsinthe(x,Q2)(x,Q2)=πR2Q2/(Cαs)isrequiredatNQ<Qs,theresulting?atdistributionofxf(x,Q2)isaclearfeatureofthesat-,,thefollowingsaturationfeaturesaregiven,whichareusefulinsearching/discriminatingthepar-tonicsaturationinexperiments.(i)ThedistributionisstrongQ2-dependentatQ<Qs,whichiswrittenasxf(x,Q2)～α?1Q2,whileitisweaklyQ2-dependentsatQordingtothestandardlinearQCDevolutionequations,(x,Q)～ln(Q/ΛQCD);(ii)Thevaluesofxf(x,Q)atQ<QsarebyUNIVERSITYOFSOUTHCAROLINAon03/05/-independentifxenterstheseaquarkdominatedregion;(iii)ThecorrespondingunintegratedpartondistributionkTφ(x,k2)hasapeakatkT～Qs(theintegratedTpartondistributionxf(x,Q2)isthekTintegrateddistributionofφ(x,k2),andhereTwehaveφ(x,k2)?xf(x,Q2)/?Q2|22).TQ=kTThedeepinelasticscattering(DIS)dataatsmallxandlowQ2isaninterestingdomainforhighenergyphysics,wherethepartonshavealargercorrelationlength～1/,,,13,14thepartondistributionsintheprotonandnucleiaredynamicallygeneratedfromaextremelowresolutionscalewherethenucleonhavemerelyvalencequarksbyusinganonlinearQCDevolutionequation—bina-–17We?ndthattheproducedseaquarkdistributionspresentapositiveand?-2:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-IJMPE1750009Lookingforquarksaturationinprotonandnuclei?ndthatthesaturationbehaviorsarealsoshownforthequarkdistributions,,,whichmakeitdi?culttolookforthepossiblequarksat-,weneedtosubtractthenonperturbativecontributionsfromthemeasuredstructurefunctionFp(x,Q2)atQ2<-2logicalmodel—thevectormesondominance(VMD)model18–20—isusedtomimicthesenonperturbativecorrections,?rmthesuggestedquarksaturationforfreeprotonabove,wealsoinvestigatethepreviousexperimentaldataofnuclearshadowinge?,a?atdistributionofstructurefunctionratioatsmallxandlowQ2,,itisfoundthatthenuclearshadowinge?ecthasdi?erentQ2-,,thegluonandseaquarkdistributionsintheprotonatQ2<1GeVaregivenbythenonlinearevolutionequation,15–(c)(x,Q2)reachesaplateauatx<<Q<,.2?1222Twoasymptoticfunctionsxfsea(x,Q)∝αsQandxfsea(x,Q)∝,todemonstratethedi?erentQ2-(x,Q2)generatedbytheDGLAP21–?erencebetweentheresultbynonlinearevolutionandthatbytheDGLAPevolutionindicatesthatthenonlineare??ndthesaturationfeatures(i)and(ii)-tributionsatdi?(b)impliesageometricalscalingbehaviorxfsea(x,Q2)=ψ(Q2/Λ2).(x,k2)[?xfsea(x,Q2)/?Q2]|22,TQ=-3:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-,&=(a)40Ca(b)==(c)Ca(d)=-510-410-310-210-110-410-310-210-,wheretheplatform-likedistri-=1e-05DGLAPx=1e-05ZRS-~αsQ2~ln(Q/ΛQCD)+=1e-.0010-(a)(b)(solidcurves)-dependenceofthestructurefunctionF2areshown:functionformxfsea～α?s?s1Q2(dash-dotcurve)atlowQ2andfunctionformxfsea～lnQ2(dashcurve)-dot-,(x,Q2)calculationresultsinsomeobviousundulationinφsea(x,k2).Hence,inthegeo-Tmetricalscalingrange,thepartondistributionsatdi?erentxarenotideallyequal1750009-4:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-IJMPE1750009Lookingforquarksaturationinprotonandnucleix=10-52)T1(x,k10-4Φsea10-310-110-.((b)).,theunintegratedquarkdistributionsinthesaturationdomainvaryinanarrowrange(),(x,k2)(multipliedbytheTphasespacefactorofthequarktransversemomentumkT),showingthatthemajorseaquarkshavemomentumofkT～,.,,similardistributionsforthegluondensityintheGolec-Biernat–W¨ustho?(GBW)model25,..Qs)=10-52T(x,kQssea1ΦTQsk10--(multipliedbythephasespacefactorofthequarktransversemomentumkT)～-5:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-,&)T10-5(x,k10gΦT-4k105x=10-30-,26NotethattheGBWgluonlacksa1/-tioninthelowQ2range((a)),luondistributionismuchstrongerthanthatforseaquarkdistributionsasthetwolead-ingnonlinearcorrectionsarebothaboutgluonsPgg→gg～1/xandPqq→gg～1/–-?erentfromtheJIMWLKsaturation,,.,thequarksaturationfromnonlinearevolutionequationhasthesimilarfeaturesoftheCGC,whichimpliesthatthepartonic(gluonandquark)(gluonandquark),orarealphysicalexistence?Toanswerthisquestion,,howeverthenon-ponentsaremixedwiththepossiblesaturationsignatureat1750009-6:..2ndReadingFebruary13,201715:56WSPC/S0218-3013143-IJMPE1750009Lookingforquarksaturatio