perspective paper—can ac computing be an alternative for wirelessly powered iot devices tutu wan资料.pdf

该【perspective paper—can ac computing be an alternative for wirelessly powered iot devices tutu wan资料 】是由【彩屏】上传分享，文档一共【4】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【perspective paper—can ac computing be an alternative for wirelessly powered iot devices tutu wan资料 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。eptedforpublicationinafutureissueofthisjournal,:.2653058,IEEEEmbeddedSystemsLetters1PerspectivePaper–putingbeanAlternativeforWirelesslyPoweredIoTDevices?TutuWan,YashaKarimi,MilutinStanacevi′c′Member,IEEE,andEmreSalmanMember,IEEEAbstract—
onalputing,thePowerprocessingblockWirelesspowertransmissionharvestingputationthroughfreespacebyleveragingcharge-?cantlyreducetheenergycost,-recyclingprocessingblockinthislettertoprovideguidelinesforfutureresearchinthe?.-of-things(IoT)hasemergedasaninnovativeplat-formtointegratediversecyber-physicalsystems(CPS).,billionby2020andtrillion-worksareexpectedtotheamplitudeoftherecti?edvoltageistypicallylow,therebybearealitywithin10years[1].,theconversionef?ciencyofmodernrecti?ersisrealizethisremarkablegrowthandensureglobalscalabilityintherangeof50to60%,meaningthatapproximatelyhalfofIoTdevices[2].Relyingonexistingbatterytechnologiesoftheharvestedpowerislostinthisstage[8].Traditionalisnotonlyimpractical(wouldrequire275millionbatteryapproachesalsorequirearegulationstagetoensurethatthechangesaday),butalsoinsuf?cientduetostringentconstraintspowersupplyvoltagedoesnotvarywhentheprocessingblockonformfactorandlimitedpowerdensitiesofconventionalchangesitsactivity[9].electrochemicalchargestoragetechniques[3].Contrarytotheexistingpractice,thisresearchfocusesonEnergyharvestinghaslongbeenstudiedtopowertraditionalleveragingthetheoryofcharge-recyclingoperationthaten-,motion,andradiofrequencyablesthedirectuseoftheharvestedsignalwithoutrecti?cation(RF)signalsarepromisingenergysourcesforemergingIoTandregulation,?cally,devices[4],[5].Wireless/,TV/radiobroadcast,putingmethodswherepowersupplyisamobilebasestations[6],[7].DedicatedwirelesspowersourcesDCvoltage,,incharge-recyclingoperation,asinusoidal(AC)oftheharvestedpoweronthedistancebetweenthesourceandpowersupplyisusedandthechargeisslowlytransferred()?-Charge-recyclingoperationwasinventedintheearly1990s,,t,TheproposedmethodinvestigatesthedirectuseofACpowerandLandaueronthethermodynamicsofenergytransfer[10],putingwhileincreasingtheenergyef?ciencybymore[11].Speci?cally,ifenergyistransferredthroughadissipa-?cientlyslowly,--,theharvestedsignalbytheIoTdeviceisrecti?edtoobtainarelativelystableDCpowersupplyDuetothishighlydesirablecharacteristic,signi?cantre-voltage,?cationisrequiredinsearchhasbeenconductedoncharge-recyclingoperationsince1990s[12]–[14].Despitetheseresearchefforts,thepracticalputerEngi-applicationofcharge-recyclinghasremainedlimitedduetoneering,StonyBrookUniversity(SUNY),StonyBrook,,particularlyontheinef?ciente-mail:emre.******@(NSF)undergrantnumber1646318andSimonsgenerationoftheACsignal(withupto10to30%ef?ciency)-0663(c),butrepublication/.eptedforpublicationinafutureissueofthisjournal,:.2653058,–0degreePCLK190--recyclingPeakDetectorVBesomeofthefunda-PCLK3mentallimitationsofthetraditionalcharge-recyclingcircuitsVBP1P2VBHarvestedACsignal–180degree90-,theharvestedsignalisnaturallyinthe(a)outformofanACsignal,putationEHRWN1N2inbarSinusoidalPCLKinwithoutrecti?:?higherenergyef?ciencythatwilli)expandtheexistingEHRWTrapezoidalPCLKapplicationdomainbyenablingpowerfullocalprocessing0capabilityandii)enhancethedigitalimplementationof(b)(c)workprotocolsandalgorithms,PCLK1PCLK2PCLK3PCLK4PCLK1?eliminationofthepowerlossesduetorecti?cationand......regulationstagesofconventionalmethods,?eliminationofthestrongdependenceonbattery,which(c)isimportantforapplicationsinenvironmental/structural4--recyclingmechanismscannotbedirectlyusedtowirelesslypowerIoTdevicesduetotheabsenceofPCLKHarvestedACsignal–,eachleveragingP1VBGNDN1adifferentcharge-recyclingmechanisms:i)ef?cientcharge-VBrecoverylogic(ECRL)[15],ii)passtransistoradiabaticlogicPeakDetector(PAL)[16],plementaryenergypathadiabaticlogicP3VB(CEPAL)[17].Eachofthesecharge-recyclingmechanismsinoutPCLKworkswithanACsignal,–180degreeForwirelesslypoweredECRL[18],,(a)()consistsofadiode-connectedPMOSN2GNDVBP2transistorwheretheoutputsignalisconnectedtothebulk?VDD0PCLKterminalsofallofthePMOStransistorstoproperlybias(b)PCLK(c)?......obtainfourACsignalswith90?phasedifference,,asdepicted,(d)Static-,,CEPALandPALdonotrequire90?,thesemecha-nismscannotreliablyoperatewiththewirelesslyharvestedACHarvestedACsignal–()issimilartotheEvaluationHoldpeakdetector,butwhenthetransistordoesnotconduct,thePCLK?,thesignalshaperenablesPCLKPCLKchargerecoveryduringthefallingtransitionoftheshapedSignalShaperPCLKHarvestedACsignal–180degreesignalthroughtherelativelylargegate-to-sourceandgate-(a)(b)to-bulkcapacitances,.......CEPALandPALdonotrequireaphaseshiftersincethecoilorientationwithinthesecondarycoilisexploitedtowirelessly(c)2-PhaseOperationharvesttwoout-of--0663(c),butrepublication/.eptedforpublicationinafutureissueofthisjournal,:.2653058,...-----6Time(s)(a)3000026425Overhead25000power(nW)20000Processingpower(nW)?tsinef?ciency,awirelesslinkbasedonnear-?
ngWP-ECRLWP-PALconsistsoftwocoils:aprimarycoildrivenbyanRFpowerWP-CEPALampli?(b).(a)putingmethod,(parisonoftheaveragepowerconsumedbythe16-?cient().TheweaklycoupledircuitCMOS,CEPALrequires?ip-?-andanidealtransformer,(a)-bitcarrybyeachmethodhasbeenanalyzedatthesamefrequencyselectadderthathasbeendesignedusingbothconventional()(b).Accordingtothis?gure,theoverallaveragevariesfrom-1Vto+,,thepowerconsumedbytheproposedsignalof1Vthrougharecti?erandregulator,(),×-ponents:processingandoverheadpower.?ip-?,inTheprocessingpowerrepresentsthelogicalpowerconsumedtheproposedapproach,theharvestedACsignalhasbeenbythe16-bitadderwhereastheoverheadpowerrepresentsputationusingthreedifferentcharge--recyclingmechanisms,,thesesupportingblocksincludetherecti?erECRLandPALareinherentlypipelinedsono?ip-?opsareandregulator,,approximately67%,however,(WP)ECRL,thethatthenumberofgatesfrominputstoeachoutputisthesame,overheadpowerisduetotwophaseshifters(resistiveloss)therebycorrectlysynchronizingthedata?,-CEPAL,,inWP-PAL,,boththeprocessingandoverheadpowerVoltageVoutarereduced,increasingtheenergyef??-0663(c),butrepublication/.eptedforpublicationinafutureissueofthisjournal