英语一致关系.doc

主谓一致
概述
主谓一致(Subject-verb Agreement)是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 主谓一致必须遵循三个原则:
语法形式上要一致,即主语的单复数形式与谓语要一致。
意义上要一致,即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语所表达的单、复数意义决定。
就近一致,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的那个名词或代词。
2. 用法
 
、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Tom is a good student.
To work hard is necessary.(It is necessary to work hard.)
Serving the people is my great happiness. 
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 
Children like to play toys.
Jane, Mary and I are good friends.
He and my father work in the same factory.
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 
我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。
, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语,谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如:
Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.
Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.
The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.
He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.
Every picture except these two has been sold.
Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time. Nobody, but Jane knows the secret.
The man, together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.
. Each和 something等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,常见的有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, little, a little, much以及somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything,
everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等(不含none)。例如:
Something is wrong with 。
A little remains to be done about it. 剩下要做的事情只有一点点。
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter.  我们周围的所有东西都是物质。
、同一事物或同一概念时,and后的名词前没有冠词,谓语动词应该用单数形式;在and后面的名词前有冠词,谓语就用复数形式。例如:
The bread and butter is served for breakfast.
早饭供应黄油面包。
The bread and the butter are on sale. 
正在出售黄油和面包。
The writer and worker ing to our school tomorrow.
这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。
Bread and butter is their daily food.
面包和黄