医学英语口语循证医学英语词汇术语表.docx

医学英语口语:循证医学英语词汇术语表
 
Absolute risk reduction (ARR). See treatment effects.
Allocation concealment. Occurs when the person who is enrolling a participant into a clinical trial is unaware whether the next participant to be enrolled will be allocated to the intervention or control group.
Case–control study. A study which involves identifying patients who have the e of interest (cases) and control patients without the same e, and looking back to see if they had the exposure of interest.
Case series. A report on a series of patients with an e of interest. No control group is involved.
Clinical practice guideline. A systematically developed statement designed to assist clinician and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances.
Cohort study. Involves identification of two groups (cohorts) of patients, one that received the exposure of interest, and one that did not, and following these cohorts forward for the e of interest.
Confidence interval (CI). Quantifies the uncertainty in measurement. It is usually reported as 95% CI, which is the range of values within which we can be 95% sure that the true value for the whole population lies. For example, for an NNT of 10 with a 95% CI of 5 to 15, we would have 95% confidence that the true NNT value lies between 5 and 15.
Control event rate (CER). See treatment effects.
Cost–benefit analysis.