2014届高中英语二轮专项资料精编语法归纳总结.doc

2014高考英语语法单选归纳
一、冠词
冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法
1
指一类人或事,相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2
第一次提及某人某物,非特指
A boy is waiting for 。
3
表示“每一”相当于every,one
We study eight hours a day.
4
表示“相同”相当于the same
We are nearly of an age.
5
用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
— Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)
6
用于固定词组中
a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7
用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后
This room is rather a big one.
8
用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后
She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9
用于抽象名词具体化的名词前
ess(抽象名词)→a ess(具体化) 成功的人或事
a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事
a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事
a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识
II. 定冠词的用法
1
表示某一类人或物
In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
4
用于演奏乐器
play the violin, play the guitar
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
the reach, the living, the wounded
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5)
—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前
the United States, munist Party of China, the French
9
用于表示发明物的单数名词前
pass was invented in China.
10
在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代
in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)
11
用于表示度量单位的名词前
I hired the car by the hour.
12
用于方位名词,身体部位名词
He patted me on the shoulder.
III. 不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法
1
专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前
Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2
名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制
I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?
3
季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前
March, Sunday, Nationa