高中虚拟语气课件000.ppt

SubjunctiveMood
虚拟语气的主要内容
一、非真实条件句(if等)中的虚拟语气
时态一致 2. 混合条件句 3. 含蓄条件句
4. 倒装句 5. If only 感叹
二、名词性从句的虚拟语气:
宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式
wish、as if/though、would rather、It’s time …
It’s necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从句
陈述语气陈述事实或提出看法,有肯定,否定,疑问或感叹等形式
I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadn’e back home yet.
祈使语气
请求,邀请, 命令,警告或劝告等Let’s go.Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.
一. 语气的分类
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中);一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气
一、在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句),表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例):
虚拟语气在在条件从句中
表示与事实情况相反
条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示现在情况
过去式(did)
(be常用 were)
Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称) +动词原形(do)
表示过去情况
过去完成式
(had +done)
Would / could / might / should +have done
表示将来情况
①过去式(did)/(were)
②should + do
③were to do
Would / could / might / should + do
I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.
(与现在事实相反)
(与过去事实相反)
it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
(与将来事实相反)
2、错综时间的虚拟句
通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
(从句指过去,主句指现在)。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. (从句指现在,主句指将来)
3、含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示。这些介词常是:but for, without, otherwise等。如