智能型双电源自动转换开关的设计.doc

摘要
随着国民经济发展,人们对供电可靠性的要求越来越高,对于不允许断电的重要场合都要求配备两路电源来保证供电的可靠性,这就需要一种能在两路电源之间进行可靠切换的装置。作为对连续供电的一种保障,双电源自动转换开关电器(Automatic Transfer Switching Equipment,ATSE)已广泛应用于各种重要负荷的场合。
概括的说,简单、可靠、安全就是ATSE最基本的要求,可靠的分断、转换、接通是ATSE的核心。ATSE七成以上的故障出现在控制器上,而不在开关本体上,可见控制器的质量好坏对整个ATSE的可靠性非常重要。要把ATSE的技术往前推动一步,就要设计出先进稳定的智能控制器,使系统具有高速性和高可靠性等特点。
双电源供电系统的自动切换是一个实时性和可靠性要求很高的控制系统。本文针对不间断供电的需求,运用采样、比较的工作原理和方法,提出了一种以AT89S52微控制器为主控芯片的双电源供电自动切换系统的智能优化解决方案。设计了系统硬件电路,编制了相关软件,并进行了详细的调试。实验结果表明:该系统能根据不同的情况实现对电源故障状况的准确判断和快速切换,完成主、备电源间转换,以保持供电的连续性。
与传统的转换系统相比较,该装置具有良好的可编程实时特性,处理速度快;硬件和软件接口方便,可为用户提供各种信号及消防联动接口,通信接口;开发方便,可以灵活地通过软件对系统的特性和应用目标进行修改和升级;具有良好的系统健壮性,可靠性较高;易于实现系统集成,可以提供高度的规范性。由此使得该装置具有精度高、速度快、可靠性高、集成度高、接口方便、灵活性好等优点。
关键词:ATSE;双电源转换;智能化;控制器;AT89S52
ABSTRACT
Along with the development of the national economy, demand of people to the reliability supplying electricity is higher and higher. The important occasions where don’t allow power outages call two road power to ensure the reliability of power supply, this requires that a kind of equipment which can reliably transfer between power supply. As a protection of continuous power supply, Automatic Transfer Switching Equipment (ATSE) has been widely used in various important occasions.
In summary, Simple, reliable, safe is the most basic request of ATSE, and the reliable break, transfer, connection is its core. In total, more than 70% of the fault appeared on the controller, not the switch body; therefore the quality of the controller is very important to entire ATSE reliability. ATSE should promote technical step forward, it is necessary to design advanced and stable controller, making the system with features of high speed and high reliability.
Double-power supply automatic switch system requires high reliability and real-time. This paper refers to need of non-stop supplying, an intelligent optimized scheme of double-power supply automatic switch system which proposed with microcontroller AT89S52 as main chip by sampling paring in this system. T