毕业论文指导-基于应变效应的高铁轨道安全检测系统设计.docx

摘要
交通运输是人类生存和社会发展的重要条件之一,人们出行离不开交通工具。高铁作为一种既快速又安全的交通工具,就成为人们最好的选择。钢轨作为高铁轨道的重要组成部分,它直接承受列车荷载,并与车轮相互作用,它的状况首先影响列车运行的安全和运输效率。为保障高速铁路的行车安全,我们必须建立高铁轨道的安全检测维护系统。因此本文设计了运用电阻应变式传感器测量应力,同时运用温度传感器检测钢轨的温度,避免温度过高或过低产生很大的温度应力对钢轨造成影响。
本文以无缝钢轨为研究对象,通过电阻式应变传感器测量应力,温度传感器测量温度,将采集来的信号经过放大,A/D转换发送给单片机,单片机经一系列处理后发送给上位机。该系统主要有信号采集电路,放大电路,A/D转换电路,键盘显示电路,报警指示电路,通信电路等组成。硬件系统设计完成后,在此基础上运用C语言编写了单片机驱动硬件的程序,并运用PROTEUS仿真软件进行了仿真,表明该设计符合基本的设计要求。最后对所设计的进行了总结反思,讨论了该设计的不足之处和今后的改进方向,为此类设计今后系统性能的进一步提高奠定了基础。
关键词:高速铁路温度应变安全监测系统
ABSTRACT
Transportation is one of the important conditions of human survival and social development, people travel without traffic tools. As a rapid and safe means of transportation, high speed railway es the best choice for people. As an important part of the track structure of express railway, steel rail is directly under the train load, and interacts with the wheels. The condition of the rail first influences on the operation safety and transportation efficiency. In order to guarantee the safety of the high-speed railway,we must establish high-speed rail safety inspection maintenance system .So this text is designed using the resistance strain sensor in order to measure stress and using the temperature sensor testing the temperature of the rail with the purpose of avoiding temperature too high or too low to produce great temperature stress affect the rail.
Based on the seamless rail as the research object, through the resistive strain sensor measuring stress and temperature sensor measuring temperature, the collected signal after amplification, A/D conversion sent to MCU, MCU through A series of processing backwardness to PC. The system mainly includes the signal collection circuit, amplifying circuit, A/D conversion circuit, display circuit, keyboard alarm indication circuit, communication circuit, etc. After pletion of the hardware system design, On the basis of using C language to write the program of single chip puter hardware, and use of PROTEUS simulation software s