不定式的用法总结.ppt

定义
不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由
“to+动词原形”构成,没有人称和
数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。
但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特
征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语
补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
一. 不定式在句中的功能
1. 作主语:
眼见为实.
To see is to believe.
为避免句子出现“头重脚轻”现象,常用it
做形式主语,将真正主语的不定式后置。
要学好英语不是那么容易的。
. It is not easy to learn English well.
2. 作宾语
她喜欢谈论这件事情。
. She loves to talk about the matter.
他希望不久能找到工作。
He hopes to find a job soon.
他答应不把这事告诉任何人。
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
I want to go home.
The workers demanded to get better pay.
I found it necessary to talk to him again.
think/consider/feel/find it + adj.+ to do
点击规律:在find \ feel \ think\ consider + it + adj.+ to do ,it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
I found it very difficult to get a job.
(it为形式宾语)
如:
The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.
I feel it easy to recite the text
巧记动词不定式作宾语歌诀:
想要拒绝莫忘记
(want, refuse, forget)
需要努力就学****br/>(need, try, learn)
喜欢帮助加同意
(like help agree )
希望决定后开始
(hope, decide, begin, start)
点击规律:
有些动词后面除接不定式外, 还可以接动名词, 意思区别不大。
提示板: doing指经常性动作,而 to do指一次性的动作。
I like swimming,but I don‘t like to swim now.
我喜欢游泳, 但我现在不想游。
begin\start to do sth
begin\start doing sth
后面只接动名词做宾的动词
实践完成听建议
practice finish suggest be used to keep on give up
喜欢思念忙介意
enjoy miss be busy mind
不禁考虑会想你
can’t help consider feel like
2) 思考: 巧记哪些动名词与不定式的动词意思有较大的区别?
记住要努力,(remember want try )
需要别忘记; (need forget )
后悔没尽力, ( regret try )
意思要停止。( mean require stop )
返回
1. remember to do sth 记住要做某事
You must remember to lock the door when you leave
2. remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事
I remember locking the front door
3. forget to do sth 忘记要做某事
He forgot to do his homework yesterday
4. forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事
I forgot saying this thing to you
5. try to do sth 努力做某事
He tries to answer each question
6. try doing sth 试着做某事
I tried singing an English song