被动语态的翻译.ppt

Translation of sentences with Passive Voice
卞玉萍
供用电教研室

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在英语专业文献中,大量使用被动语态,以突出所论证或说明的对象,使表述更客观,句子结构更简练。但在汉语中,并没有普遍使用被动语态的****惯。因此,在翻译英语被动语态时,我们常用以下几种方法处理。
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一、仍译成被动语态,但可加一些词,如“被”、“受”、“由”、“靠”、“把”、“予以…”、“加以…”、“为…所”等, 有时可不加.
speed of a generator is controlled
by the prime motor.
发电机转速受原动机控制。
thrust force of an airplane is produced
by the propeller.
飞机的推力由螺旋桨产生。
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this means nitrogen can be changed into oxygen.
用这种方式把氮变成氧。
will be discussed in the next chapter.
叠加定理将在下一章(予以)讨论。(可不加)
has been known for thousands of years。
电在数千年以前就为人所知。
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二、译成汉语的主动句
1、译成完全主动句,原句中主语仍做主语
. Whenever two objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred from one object to the another.
当两个物体相互摩擦时,电子便从一个物体转移到另一个物体。
2. At the receiving end, posite signals are applied to band-pass filters.
在接收端,合成信号加到带通滤波器上。
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2、原主语在译文中作宾语,而把行为主体或相当于行为主体的介词宾语译成主语.
. A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics.
电子技术提供了一种新的显示时间的方法。
some new kinds of steel have been developed in our country.
最近,我国研制出一些新钢种。
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3、译成形式主动句。即形式是主动句但表被动含义,如wash、wear、find、build、devide、catch、lock、work、blow等
coat washes very well。
这件衣服很耐洗。
door won’t lock.
门锁不上。
integrated circuit finds wide application in electrical engineering.
集成电路在电气工程方面得到广泛应用。
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4、增补适当的逻辑主语。
. He was seen designing a new-type machine。
有人看见他在设计一种新型机器。
is known to be a good conductor.
大家知道铜是良导体。
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5、由“it”引导的****惯性句型中的被动语态,常译成主动句。
. It has been proved that energy cannot be destroyed; it can only be changed into other forms.
已经证明,能量是不可能消灭的,只能转换成其它形式。
can be seen that ic materials are used in a wide range of modern electronic equipment.
可见,磁性材料广泛用于现代电子设备中。
is reported that…据报道…
It is annonced that …据宣称…
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6、译成汉语的判断句
凡是着重描述事物的过程、性质和状态的英语被动句,可译成“是……的”结构,起强调被动动作的作用。
voltage is not controlled in that way.
电压不是用那样的方法控制的。
volume is not measured in square millimeters. It is m