南开大学.doc

南开大学
本科生学年论文
题目:从“理性主义”到“历史主义”
——萨维尼—蒂堡之争的哲学***
学号: 1411342
姓名: 白洁
年级: 2014级
专业: 哲学
学院: 哲学院
指导教师: 王时中
完成日期:2017年4月10日

摘要
围绕是否应该制定一部民法典以摆脱当时德国四分五裂的政治局势,萨维尼与蒂堡展开了激烈的争论。蒂堡强烈主张制定一部民法典,但萨维尼持反对态度。蒂堡与萨维尼之间的分歧,反映了哲学上的理性主义与历史主义之间的对立。作为历史法学派的代表人物,萨维尼将民族性与科学性视为法的双重生命,将罗马法视为融会民族精神与法律科学的典范形式,主张通过复兴罗马法提升德国的法律科学水平,为德国立法提供必要的理论基础和技术性条件。考察萨维尼对法的二重性规定及其对罗马法的复兴路径,一方面可以揭示民族精神转化为历史科学的可能路径,另一方面,以萨维尼对罗马法的复兴路径为参照,也可以进一步分析马克思的社会理论是如何将事实性考察与规范性考察统一于其历史主义根基的,进而处理长期以来关于“两个马克思形象”的历史纷争。
关键词:民族精神;法律科学;罗马法;理性主义;历史主义;马克思
Abstract
Whether a civil code should be designed to break out of the divided political environment of Germany at that time, had been the subject of considerable debate between Friedrich Carl von Sevigny and Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut. Thibaut strongly advocated for a civil code, while Sevigny disagreed. The disagreement between Thibaut and Sevigny reflects the opposition between rationalism and historicism. As a representative of German Historical School (Die historische Rechtsschule), Savigny views nationalism and scientificity as the double concepts of law. He considers Roman Law as a canonical form of integrating national character (Volksgeist) with legislation; advocates the revitalization of Roman Law for improving German legislation, and providing the necessary theoretical framework and practical requirements. Examining Savigny's double concepts theory and his examination of the revival of Roman Law, could reveal the possible pathway of national character converting into historicism; and also further analyzes how Karl Marx's social theory unifies factual and normalized investigation into their historicist foundation, referencing Savigny's revival of Roman Law, solving the divergence on "The Two Marx" in the study of Marx's Theory of Social.
Keywords: national character; legislation; Roman Law; rationalism; historicism; Marx
目录
第一章萨维尼—蒂堡之争的产生背景 1
第二章萨维尼的历史法学及其与蒂堡的分歧 4
第三章萨维尼历史法学的历史主义特征 9
第四章“历史主义”对于马克思主义研究的可能意义 14
第五章结语 18


萨维尼—蒂堡之争的产生背景
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