[优秀论文]《第二十二条军规》叙事特征分析.pdf

上海交通大学硕士学位论文《第二十二条军规》叙事特征分析姓名:姜颖申请学位级别:硕士专业:英语语言文学指导教师:胡全生20091201 ii 摘要美国作家约瑟夫·海勒(1923-1999)是20世纪战后美国文坛上最具影响力的荒诞派作家。海勒曾在二次世界大战时作为空军服役,而他的代表作《第二十二条军规》正是取材于他的这段经历。自问世以来,《第二十二条军规》在广大读者和评论界引起了强烈的反响。国内外对于该小说已有大量的评论,内容涉及主题研究,黑色幽默研究,人物形象研究以及小说结构研究,但却鲜有系统的叙事手法研究。本文将运用里蒙凯南以及热耐特的叙述学理论分析和研究这部作品的叙事手法,着重分析其时间及空间转换,聚焦以及言语转述。本论文由五章组成。第一章为“引论”部分,在简单介绍约瑟夫·海勒及其文学成就、《第二十二条军规》的故事梗概的同时,重点从创作意义的角度回顾国内外已有对于该作品的批评现状。第二至第四章为论文的核心部分。第二章主要分析和研究《第二十二条军规》时间和空间安排以及其特殊意义。作者将从时间顺序以及时间频率,空间多次转换角度去分析《第二十二条军规》中的时间安排艺术以及其独特涵义。第三章主要阐述和分析《第二十二条军规》中的聚焦手法及其独特作用。作者将运用热耐特的聚焦理论判别《第二十二条军规》所运用的聚焦手法,并用小说中的文本进行意义分析。第四章作者着重分析小说的言语转述作用及类型。通过不同人物间的对话,海勒成功地勾画出了二战下美国社会的荒诞。第五章是结语。《第二十二条军规》的魅力源自于它独特的叙事特征。瞬间转变的时间空间,荒诞的人物对话以及聚焦于小人物命运的叙事手法使得这部小说经久不衰,堪称经典。关键词:海勒,《第二十二条军规》,聚焦,言语转述,时空间转换 iii Abstract Joseph Heller (1923-1999) is the most prominent American novelist of the absurd in the postwar period. He served in the US Air Force during the WW II, and wrote the best-known novel Catch-22 according to his experience in the war. Since its publication, the novel has generated a variety of literary criticism both at home and abroad from the perspective of theme, black humor, character and structure. However, analysis of the narrative features is seldom touched upon. This thesis attempts to analyze the novel based on Rimmon-Kenan and te’s theory on narrative discourse from the perspective of time and space, focalization and speech presentation. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter One initially gives a short introduction to the author Joseph Heller, the plot overview of Catch-22, the literature reviews on this novel and the significance of this dissertation. Chapter Two to Chapter Four are the core parts of the thesis. Chapter Two discusses the story of Catch-22 in two subparts: time arrangement and space arrangement in Catch-22, and each will be supplemented by their presentation and their significance. Since time arrangement will be related with temporal order and temporal f