高考英语一轮复习语法讲解：形容词和副词.doc

高考英语一轮复习语法讲解：形容词和副词.doc高考英语一轮复****语法讲解:形容词和副词
【知识要点】
形容词
一、形容词的作用与功能
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等。
形容词在句中的主要用途是作定语。
In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the states.
你在信中询问不同地区的时间问题。

I’m fine,but ,但很累。
注意:有些形容词通常作表语,常见的有well,ill(生病)以及a开头的部分形容词,如
afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake等。
Even when you are asleep you are using energy. 即使你睡着了,你仍然在消耗能量。
I hope you weren’t don’t look very well. 但愿你没病,不过你的脸色不太好。

The fish was caught 。

Now you have to pull it to make the surface smooth like that.
现在你必须拉动它以使表面像这样的光滑。

A woman was lying in bed,awake,listening to the rushing winds.
一位妇女正躺在床上,没睡,听着风声。
二、形容词的位置

an intelligent boy一个聪明的男孩
a pair of beautiful little riding boots一双漂亮的小马靴

1)形容词作定语修饰some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时需后置。
There is nobody absent 。
I want to tell you something important. 我想告诉你一些重要的事情。
2)以-able或-ible结尾的形容词可置于前面有最高级形容词或only等词的名词之后。
This is the best book 。
That is the only solution possible. 那是惟一可行的解决办法。
3)以前缀a-开头的某些形容词,如:alike,alive,afraid,awake,aware,asleep等,可置于only等词修饰的名词之后。
He was the only person awake at the 。
4)和空间、时间单位合用时。
two months ago两个月以前
a ruler twelve inches long 12英寸长的尺子
5)形容词enough一般需后置,但也可以前置。
I have money 。
=I have enough money. 我有足够的钱。
6)成对的形容词可以后置
There was a huge room simple and ,简朴而美观。
She has many pencils,blue and red. 她有许多铅笔,有蓝的,有红的。
7)形容词短语一般需后置,往往相当于定语从句。
We need a place twice larger than this one. 我们需要一个两倍这么大的地方。
A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 
一个如此难以取悦的人一定不好共事。(也可说so difficult a man to please...)

英语中有些形容词既可作前置定语,也可作后置定语,但意义不同。
常作后置定语的形容词有absent,concerned,elect,involved,present,proper,responsible等。
the absent professor心不在焉的教授
the professor absent没参会的教授
the responsible government可依赖的政府
the govern