九年级英语Module8Unit3Languageinuse课件外研版.ppt

Unit 3 Language in use
1. 一般过去时的被动语态
如果要表达发生在过去的事情或行为的被动语态,我们该如何表达呢?请看例句:
①Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump.
②The Olympic torch relay was not introduced until 1932.
③—Was the cup broken by Tom?
—Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t.
④When were the Olympic Games founded?
(1)一般过去时的被动语态的各类句式:
肯定句
主语+was/were+v.-ed(+by...).
否定句
主语+was/were not+v.-ed(+by...).
一般疑问句
Was/Were+主语+v.-ed(+by...)?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+v.-ed(+by...)?
如:
①These new books were published last month. (肯定句)
②These new books weren’t published last month. (否定句)
③Were these new books published last month? (一般疑问句)
(2)当不定式结构在句中作宾语补足语时,其被动语态该如何处理呢?请看以下例句:
The school encouraged Liu Xiang to train for the high jump.
改为被动语态:
Liu Xiang was encouraged (by the school) to train for the high jump.
可以看出,被动语态的句子是把主动语态中的宾语提到了主语的位置,宾语补足语位置不变。这样的句子往往不会提到动作的执行者。
在ask/encourage/tell/allow sb. to do ,含有不定式作宾语补足语,在变为被动语态时,要把主动语态中的宾语提到句首作主语,宾语补足语的位置不变。如:
His parents encouraged him to go abroad for further study.
改为被动语态:
He was encouraged to go abroad for further study by his parents.
(3)那么,诸如give sb. sth., lend sb. ?
1)将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变;
2)将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语前须有介词(一般是for或to)。如:
He gave me a book.
改为被动语态:
I was given a book by him./
A book was given to me by him.
【注意】在主动语态中,动词make, let, see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice等后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,后面要加 to。如:
①I heard him sing in the next room.
改为被动语态:
He was heard to sing in the next room.
②The man makes the boy do his homework.
改为被动语态:
The boy is made to do his homework (by the man).
2. remember的用法
【辨析】remember to do doing sth.
(1)remember to do “记得去做某事”(指事情还未做过)。如:
I must remember to take my notebook with me.
我必须记得把我的笔记本带着。(表示笔记本还未带上).
(2)remember doing “记得曾做过某事”(指事情已经做过)。如:
I remember seeing her once somewhere.
我记得在哪里见过她。(表示已经见过她了)