Unit 2 Individuals and Masses
A man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways: as a member of some familial, professional or religious group, or as a member of a crowd. Groups are capable of being as moral and intelligent as the individuals who form them; a crowd is chaotic, has no purpose of its own and is capable of anything except intelligent action and realistic thinking. Assembled in a crowd, people lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for moral choice. Their suggestibility is increased to the point where they cease to have any judgement or will of their own. They e very excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, they are subject to易于…;遵守…
sudden excesses过度
of rage, enthusiasm and panic. In a word, a man in a crowd behaves as though he had swallowed a large dose of some powerful intoxicant. He is a victim of what I have called' herd-poisoning'. Like alcohol, herd- poison is an active, extravagant过度的,奢侈的
drug. The crowd-intoxicated individual escapes from responsibility, intelligence and morality into a kind of frantic, animal mindlessness.
人们通过两种方式与社会直接联系:作为家庭、职业或者宗教组织的成员,或者是某个群体的成员。组织与组成他们的个体有一样的道德和智慧,群体是混乱的,没有自己的目的而且只能做除了明智行动和理性思考之外的事。组成群体的人们,失去了他们推理的力量和道德选择的能力,他们的暗示感受性提高到了停止有任何判断或有自己的意志的地步,变得极易兴奋,丢掉了所有的个人感受和集体责任,易于突然的暴怒、狂热和极度恐惧。总之,身处群体的人表现得就好像吞了大剂量的烈性麻醉品,成了被称之为群体中毒的受害者。和酒精一样,群体毒药是一种极度兴奋的药物。被这种群体药物麻醉的人
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