动词变化形式练习.doc

不规则动词的过去式、过去分词和部分动词的现在分词/动名词形式在学****语法提高写作能力中意义重大,在学****过程中必须充分重视,总结规律,勤于记忆。
一、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式:
AAA型:cut-cut-cut; read-read-read
ABB型:teach-taught-taught; bring-brought-brought; bleed-bled-bled
ABC型:eat-ate-eaten; break-broke-broken; write-wrote-written
ABA型:run-ran-run; come-e
AAB型:beat-beat-beaten
二、部分动词的现在分词/动名词形式:
,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母再加ing:
cut-cutting; shop-shopping; sit-sitting, nod-nodding; 请注意:open-opening; limit-limiting; credit-crediting
2. 以er/ir结尾的动词,若er/ir所在音节重读则双写r, 否则不双写,此规则亦适用于规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化。
prefer-preferring-preferred; refer-referring-referred; infer-inferred-inferring; stir-stirred-stirring
,把ie变为y再加ing:
lie-lying; tie-tying; die-dying; vie-vying; 请注意:dye-dyeing
4. 以ic结尾的动词因读音问题需加-king:
panic-panicking; traffic-trafficking; ic-icking
注意:此类动词变过去式和过去分词时加-ked.
三、注意事项:
有些双音节词变成过去式、过去分词和现在分词时,英国人****惯双写最后一个辅音字母,而美国人则不双写。如:travel-travelling-travelled (英) travel-traveling-traveled(美); kidnap-kidnapping-kidnapped, kidnap-kidnaping-kidnaped 这样的词还有:dial, equal, quarrel, cancel, model, label, fuel, refuel等。
以-ee结尾的动词,直接加-ing: agree-agreeing; see-seeing
少数动词的过去式和过去分词均有两种形式,可以通用,如:quit-quitted, quit; bet-betted, bet; rid-ridded, rid; knit-knitted, knit; wet (弄湿)-wetted, wet; bid(吩咐,招标)-bid, bade
少数动词的过去式和过去分词有英美两种拼法英国拼法以-t结尾,美国拼法则以-ed结尾。如:burn
-burnt-burnt(英); burn-burned-burned(美); lean-leant-leant; lean-leaned-leaned; dream-d