1.高中英语语法通霸谓语和非谓语动词主动关系和被动关系.doc

高中英语语法通霸1:
什么是谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别主动关系和被动关系
在英语中,一个主谓结构(简单句)中只能有一个谓语动词,再出现动词时,要变成非谓语形式,即:在前面加to构成动词不定式,或在后面加-ing构成动名词或现在分词,或在后面加-ed构成过去分词。也就是说,非谓语是指动词在句子不作谓语时所使用的形式,即:动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
先找出句中的谓语,然后改正句中的错误,并说明原因。
Get up early is good for our health.
早起有利于我们的身体健康。
I want go home now. 我现在想回家。
My favorite sport is play football.
我最喜爱的运动是踢足球。
There is a bird sings in the tree.
有一只鸟正在树上唱歌。
The boy sits over there likes singing.
坐在那边的那个男孩喜欢唱歌。
The house was built last year has been sold out.
去年建的那座房子已经出售了。
The girls are singing over there are my classmates.
在那边唱歌的那些女孩是我的同学。
My parents wanted him work hard.
我父母亲想让他努力学****br/>I remember saw him that day.
我记得那天看见过他。
10. I saw him walked into the building.
我看到他跑进那座建筑物。
主动关系和被动关系
先看下面两个题:
______ wonderful, this kind of food enjoyed a good sale.
A. Tasted B. Being tasted
C. Tasting D. Having tasted
The food ______ delicious q329950885sells well.
A. smells B. smelled
C. smelling D. is smelling
一些同学分别选A和B。他们说,食物是被品尝、被闻的,和食物构成被动关系,所以要用过去分词。
这种说法是错误的。
非谓语中的主动关系和被动关系,不是从谁做了这个动作着眼,而是从恢复成一句话后是“主动语态”还是“被动语态”着眼。
主动关系:从逻辑关系上看,相当于主动语态。
The boy crying over there is Tom. (在那边哭的那个男孩) 从逻辑上讲,the boy…cry, 男孩哭,相当于主动语态,是主动关系。
被动关系:从逻辑关系上看,相当于被动语态。
The house built last year is the strongest. (去年建的那座房子) 从逻辑上讲,the house was built,房子被建,相当于被动语态,是被动关系。
在上两题中,逻辑关系可以表达为:This kind of food tasted wonderful. The food smells delicious. 逻辑上food