毕业设计（论文）-基于单片机控制小型开放式数控平台设计.doc

毕业设计论文
题目基于单片机控制小型开放式数控平台设计

前言
数控技术从发明到现在,已有近50年的历史。现代数控技术集传统的机械制造技术,计算机技术与现代控制技术,传感检测技术,住处处理技术,网络通讯技术,液压气动技术,光机电技术于一体,是现代制造技术的基础,它是的发展和运用,开创了制造来的新时代。
数控技术是提高产品加工质量,提高劳动生产率必不可少的技术手段,它的广泛使用给机械制造业生产方式,产业结构,管理方式带来深刻的变化,是制造业实现自动化、柔软化、集成化生产的基础。
机床的数控制化改造是一个方兴未的行业,从各种统计数字上看前途应该是十分光明的,例如:在美国,日本和德国等发达国家,它们的机床改造人作为新的经济增长行业,生意盎然,正处在黄金时代。由于机床以及数控技术的不断进步,机床改造是一个"永恒"的课题。
我国的机床改造业,也从老的行业进入到以数控技术为主的新的行业,所以不难看出:机床的数控化改造势在必行以及机床的数控改造市场潜力巨大。依据我国的现有情况来看,现在仍存在大量的老式手工机床,所以在原有机床上进行数控改革,是一种既经济又切实可行的方案。本次设计就是针对这种情况,利用MCS-51单片机,对机床数控系统的控制装置进行改造设计。
本次设计的任务是以单片机为核心,构成一个数控系统控制装置,能完成标准数控系统指令的输入、编辑、修改、译码及运行等功能。其中着重研究了键盘/显示器接口、I/O接口以及数据存储器、程序存储器等许多芯片的内部结构和工作原理以及如何扩展等;重点解决了人机对话和步进电机的自动进给等方面的问题。针对这些问题,在第三章的硬件设计和第四章的软件设计做了具体的研究。在硬件上,就怎样对一个51单片机进行扩展、用PWM控制步进电机、扩展米字型显示器、实现数控机床的各种功能、如何实现手动输入等进行设计,在软件上,就怎样实现译码、控制速度、如何输入、进行显示等进行了编程。
目录
摘要···········································································································································I
Abstract····································································································································II
绪论·······························································································································1
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总体方案的设计········································································································3
技术要求及功能········································································································3
对数控机床的总体要求····················································································3
数控机床的功能要求及步进机的选择····························································3
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总体方案···