硕士论文--螺栓法兰连接系统维修策略研究.pdf

摘要
摘要
过程工业中由于密封系统失效而导致的燃烧、爆炸及有害介质的泄漏事故频
繁发生。选择合适的螺栓法兰连接结构,并全面考虑各因素对连接结构可靠性的
影响,可提高设备或管道的安全性,降低泄漏引发事故的风险。研究螺栓法兰连
接系统维修策略,降低系统的故障率,从而保证设备的安全、高效运行,具有重
要的工程应用价值。
本文应用可靠性理论、模糊推理法和逻辑决断法,以扬子石化公司芳烃厂关
键设备的螺栓法兰连接系统为研究对象,建立以可靠性为中心的维修(RCM)
智能决策方法,从而弥补传统维修技术的不足。主要研究内容有:
(1)对金属八角垫片的高温力学性能、密封性能以及螺栓材料高温蠕变特
性进行了试验研究。并通过数值拟合得到了相应的表征方程。
(2)研究螺栓法兰连接系统中介质温度和压力、各元件的主要结构尺寸、
材料强度以及预紧载荷等因素的随机分布规律,在紧密性分析方法的基础上,依
据应力-强度干涉模型,建立基于可靠度的连接系统寿命预测方法,确定其检修
周期,并编制相应的可视化计算软件。
(3)针对不同的介质和工况条件,结合现场资料和专家经验,采用故障模
式、影响及危害度分析方法(FMECA),对螺栓法兰连接系统的故障原因及后果
进行了分析。在此基础上,采用风险排序法和模糊推理法实现了对故障风险等级
的定量评价。
(4)以 FMECA 和现有故障维修策略为基础,借助于逻辑决断法,提出了
适用于不同故障模式的维修策略。并以加氢反应器为例,在对其进行寿命预测和
故障风险分析的基础上,提出了相应的检维修策略。

关键词: 螺栓法兰连接 RCM 可靠性分析模糊推理法维修策略
I
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
In process industries, the leakage accidents caused by the failure of sealing
systems take place frequently in these latter days. By regarding all factors influencing
the reliability of the connections, the appropriate bolted flanged connections can be
designed or selected to decrease the risk of the leakage accidents and improve the
security of the equipment or pipeline. It is necessary to investigate the efficient
maintenance technology for the bolted flanged connections in order to reduce the
failure rate of the connections and keep the equipment or pipeline working reliably.
Based on the reliability theory, the fuzzy logic inference method and the logical
decision method, the reliability centered maintenance (RCM) intelligent decision
technology for the bolted flanged connections of some key equipment in Yangtze
Petrochemical Corporation was developed in this thesis. The main research work and
conclusions are summarized as follows:
(1) The performances of the metal octagonal gaskets and the creep characteristic
of the bolt material at elevated temperature were investigated experimentally. The
corresponding characterization equations were obtained by regression analysis
method.
(2)