2013高考英语语法考点6大难点突破.doc.doc

2013高考英语单项填空题六大难点及热点
难点之一:考查动词时态,不给出明确的时间状语
解题技巧:认真分析上下文语境,确定动词时态
高考单项填空题考查动词时态,往往句子中没有具体的时间状语,要靠对上下文语言环境的分析,才能搞清句子的时态。高考题中对动词时态的考查常采用这种形式。例如:
He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ________ her somewhere.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
析:此题答案为D。题干句意为:"他一直打量着她,想知道是否在什么地方见到过她",其中,"kept"用的是一般过去时态,"是否见过"应是发生在"打量"之前,从时间上讲,是过去的过去,故用过去完成时态。又如:
-e and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?
-No. I ________ . Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn't been invited D. didn't invite
析:此题答案选C。"上周结婚"和"参加婚礼"都是过去发生的事情,我没有参加是因为我没有受到邀请,故"邀请"的动作应是在此之前的,即,"过去的过去",因此,应用过去完成时态。
难点之二:把短语和固定搭配中的某个成分"置换"出来,构成"迷雾"
解题技巧:把位置还原,看清本质
在做单项填空题时,由于句型转换或其它原因,使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分离开了原来的位置,从而使该短语或固定搭配不易辨认出。例如:
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
析:此答案选D。实际上是考查turn to sb. for help(求助于某人),,且前置作定语从句的先行词,分析时不妨还原,便可看出本质。
难点之三:省略句子的某个成分,从而增加了试题难度
解题技巧:明确省略成分,补全句子看清真面目
________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. paring C. Comparing D. pared
析:此题应选D。本题考查when之后非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。其中,对when一词用法的判断是解题的关键。when(或其它词,如while, since, once等)引导状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语部分含有be时,可把从句的主语和be一起省略。本题干中在when后省略了it is。即,when it pared with the size of the whole earth...又如:
The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
析:本题在once之后省略了it is,很明显,此处应用被动语态。故答案应选D。
难点之四:在一定的上下文中考查冠词和代词的应用
解题技巧:准确理解句子的实际含义(即,准确翻译句子)
Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience.
A. 不填;the B. 不填;an C. an; an D. the; the
析:本句子意为:从一万英尺高的一架飞机上跳下来是一次令人非常兴奋的经历。这里的"一架"、"一次"不能理解为"那架"、"那次"。因此,要用不定冠词。故答案选C。又如:
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C. that D. those
析:本题很多考生易误选D,这主要是受前面pleasures的影响。而句子的实际含义为:几乎没有乐趣能与炎热夏天的一杯凉爽饮料相比。