考博英语词汇讲义.docx

第一部分 词 汇第一章 考博词汇选择填空题制胜攻略一、六种常考题型词汇题主要测试考生对考博大纲词汇和短语的词义、用法、搭配的辨认与运用能力。其考试的重点是短语动词搭配、近义词辨析、近形异义词辨析、同根词辨析、单词辨析和固定搭配辨析。(一)以动词为中心与其他词搭配【例1】Eatingtoomuchfatcan______heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure . .attributeto C .attendto D .devoteto 答案:A【例2】Iwouldneverhave______acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate . B .accountedfor C .turnedup D .resortedto答案:D(二)近义词辨析【例1】ThePersianGulfis______inpetroleumdepositsandthat':A【例2】OnNewYear'sEven,:D(三)近形异义词【例1】:A【例2】:A(四)同根词辨析【例1】:C【例2】______hissister,:B(五)单词辨析【例1】Theteaeherspokehighlyofsuch______asloyalty,courageandtruthfulnessshownbyhisstudents . B . D .characteristics答案:A【例2】ProfessorTaylor'stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong______ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists . B .perspective C .impression D .impact答案:D1(六)固定搭配辨析【例1】Intheexperimentwekeptawatchfuleye______thedevelopmentsandrecordedeverydetail . B .at C .for D .on答案:D【例2】Thesetwoareasaresimilar ______they bothhaveahighrainfall during this B .besidesthat C .inthat D .exceptthat答案:C二、词汇应试法宝——七大推导法只有将词汇的含义和用法联系起来,才能对词汇有准确的把握。编者通过对往年真题的研究,总结出一套词汇答题的推导法。在记忆词汇的基础上,了解做题的技巧,使考生能抓住考题的要点,任何难题都能迎刃而解。(一)词义推导法利用题干中一部分词对另一部分词汇意思的解释。【例】Themanagerspokehighlyof______suchasloyalty,courageandtruthfulnessshownbyhisemployees . B . D .characteristics答案:A(二)因果推导法利用题干中的分句之间存在的因果关系,进行选择。【例】ThepoetryofEzraPoundissometimesd