5-例程-VC2008.doc

5-例程-VC2008【例5-1】访问结构变量。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structWeather//说明结构类型{doubletemp;doublewind;};intmain(){Weathertoday;//=;//=;cout<<"Temp="<<<<endl;//按成员输出cout<<"Wind="<<<<endl;}【例5-2】用指针访问结构。#include<cstring>#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structPerson{charname[20];unsignedlongid;doublesalary;};intmain(){Personpr1;Person*pp;//定义结构指针pp=&pr1;//取结构变量地址strcpy_s(pp->name,"DavidMarat");//对结构成员赋值,等价于(*pp).namepp->id=987654321;//pp->id等价于(*pp).idpp->salary=;//pp->salary等价于(*pp).salarycout<<pp->name<<'\t'<<pp->id<<'\t'<<pp->salary<<endl;}【例5-3】结构变量赋值。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structWeather{doubletemp;doublewind;}yesterday;intmain(){Weathertoday;//=;=;today=yesterday;//结构变量整体赋值1cout<<"Temp="<<<<endl;cout<<"Wind="<<<<endl;}【例5-4】对结构数组存放的数据按某一关键字排序。本例程存放一个简单的职工登记表,每个职工记录包含姓名、号码和工资。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structperson//说明结构类型{charname[10];unsignedintid;doublesalary;};voidInput(person[],constint);voidSort(person[],constint);voidOutput(constperson[],constint);intmain(){personallone[100];//说明结构数组inttotal;cout<<"输入职工人数:";cin>>total;cout<<"输入职工信息:\n";Input(allone,total);cout<<"以工资做关键字排序\n";Sort(allone,total);cout<<"输出排序后信息:\n";Output(allone,total);}voidInput(personall[],constintn){inti;for(i=0;i<n;i++)//输入数据{cout<<i<<":姓名:";cin>>all[i].name;cout<<"编号:";cin>>all[i].id;cout<<"工资:";cin>>all[i].salary;2}}voidSort(personall[],constintn){inti,j;persontemp;//说明结构变量for(i=1;i<n;i++)//以成员salary作关键字排序{for(j=0;j<=n-1-i;j++)if(all[j].salary>all[j+1].salary){temp=all[j];//交换结构数组元素all[j]=all[j+1];all[j+1]=temp;}}}voidOutput(constpersonall[],constintn){for(inti=0;i<n;i++)//输出排序后数据cout<<all[i].name<<'\t'<<all[i].id<<'\t'<<all[i].salary<<endl;}【例5-5】用辅助数组对结构数组的数据做关键字排序。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structperson//说明结构类型{charname[10];unsignedintid;doublesalary;};voidInput(person[],constint);voidSort(person[],person*[],constint);voi