Erosion of Concrete in Hydraulic Structures.pdf

ACI 210R-93
(Reapproved 1998)
Erosion of Concrete in Hydraulic Structures
Reported by mittee 210
James R. Graham
Chairman
Patrick J. Creegan James E. McDonald
Wallis S. Hamilton Glen E. Noble
John G. Hendrickson, Jr. Ernest K. Schrader
Richard A. Kaden
Committee 210 recognizes with thanks the contributions of te M. Ballentine, J. Floyd Best, Gary R. Mass, William D. McEwen, Myron B. Petrowsky,
Melton J. Stegall, and Stephen B. Tatro.
Members of mittee 210 voting on the revisions:
Stephen B. Tatro
Chairman
Patrick J. Creegan Angel E. Herrera James E. McDonald
James R. Graham Richard A. Kaden Ernest K. Schrader
This report outlines the causes, control, maintenance, and repair of erosion Chapter 2-Erosion by cavitation, pg. 210R-2
in hydraulic structures. Such erosion occurs from three major causes: cavi- -Mechanism of cavitation
ration, abrasion, and chemical attack. Design parameters, materials selec- -Cavitation index
tion and quality,environmental factors, and other issues affecting the per-
formance of concrete are discussed. -Cavitation damage
Evidence exists to suggest that given the operating characteristics and
conditions to which a hydraulic structure will be subjected, it can be de- Chapter 3-Erosion by abrasion, pg. 210R-5
signed to mitigate future erosion of the concrete. However,operational -General
factors change or are not clearly known and hence erosion of concrete sur-
faces occurs and repairs must follow. This report briefly treats the subject -Stilling basin damage
of concrete erosion and repair and provides numerous references to de- -Navigation lock damage
tailed treatment of the subject. -Tunnel lining damage
Keywords: abrasion; abrasion resistance; aeration; cavitation; chemical attack Chapter 4-Eros ion by chemical attack, pg. 210R-7
concrete dams; concrete pipes; corrosion; corrosion resistance; deterioration;
erosion; grinding (material removal): high-strength con