十六句口诀根治“语法病”.doc

一、不定式、动名词作宾语的四种情况不定式、动名词作宾语情况复杂多变,不少学****者感到颇为“闹心”。它们是各类考试的重心,也是中国学生丢分的“重灾区”。其症结在于考生拿不准到底哪些动词必须以动名词作宾语;哪些动词必须以不定式作宾语;有些动词既可以动名词宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,意思基本不变;有些动词既可以动名词宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,意思却不同? 口诀1:有些动词须以动名词宾语,它们可用“MP\4r\café\disk”来记,即“宪兵带着4把***在咖啡馆里看光盘”(把字母r想象成***)。"M"指mind,miss,mention 例:WhenImentionplayingfootball,hesayshe'stoobusy. "P"指prevent,permit,postpone,pardon,practice 例:Wedon'tpermitsmokingintheoffice. "4R"指risk,resist,resent,resume 例:Informingthetruthrisksdestroyingthepatients’hope. "c"指consider,contemplate 例:Idon'tcontemplate(预料)himopposingmyplan. "a"指admit,avoid,appreciate,anticipate 例:Weanticipatederivingmuchinstructionfromthelecture. "f"指face,fancy,finish "e"指excuse,enjoy,escape 例:Heescapedbeingpunished. "d"指delay,defer,deny,dispute(不同意),detest(痛恨) "i"指imagine,involve "s"指suggest "k"指keep 口诀2:有些动词必须以不定式作宾语,它们是:三w、hc,五a领着四d、p,一rm二l、b,接不定式o,u,e。它包括了三个以w开头的单词,三个以h开头的单词,三个以c开头的单词,五个以a开头的单词,分别以d、p开头的单词各四个,分别以l、b开头的单词各两个,分别以r,m,o,u,e开头的单词各一个。注:3w、hc是want,wish,wait和hope,help,hesitate以及care,choose,consent 例:Hehesitatedtobuythecoat. "二l、b"是learn,long:和beg,bear. 例:Ican’tbearhimtodeceiveme. Ilongtogoabroad. "五a"是:agree,ask.,afford,arrange,attempt "四d"是dare,demand,determine,decide, "四p"是plan,pretend,promise,prepare 以r,m,o,u,e开头的五个单词分别是refuse,manage,offer,undertake,expect 口诀3:有16个动词既可以动名词宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,意思基本不变。因为接动名词、不定式均可,情况又变得简单起来,只需记住一句话就行,即:双方一旦开始(begin,start,),无论喜欢(like,prefer)与否(hate,dislike),