LaserrangefinderAlongrangelaserrangefinderiscapableofmeasuringdistanceupto20km;,thistechniqueisnotappropriateforhighprecisionsub-millimetermeasurements,,,itwilleventuallyspreadoverlongdistancesduetothedivergenceofthelaserbeam,aswellasduetoscintillationandbeamwandereffects,causedbythepresenceofairbubblesintheairactingaslensesranginginsizefrommicroscopictoroughlyhalftheheightofthelaserbeam',say,beneathsometreesorbehindbushes,,,overdistanceslongerthan1200ft(365m),thetarget,ifinproximitytotheearth,maysimplyvanishintoamirage,=ct/2wherecisthespeedoflightintheatmosphereandtistheamountoftimefortheround-=ct/2,D=1/2ct=1/2c·φ/ω=c/(4πf)(Nπ+Δφ)=c/4f(N+ΔN)=U(N+)inthise
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