年产3万吨碳酸二甲酯的合成项目设计(硕士论文).pdf

年产 3 万吨碳酸二甲酯的合成项目
摘要
碳酸二甲酯(Dimethyl Carbonate,简称 DMC):化学式 CH3OCOOCH3,分子量
为 ,常温下为透明液体,略带香味。难溶于水,但能与醇、酮、酯等任意
比混溶。DMC 毒性很小,对金属基本上无腐蚀性。DMC 具有酯的通性,可与水
发生水解反应;可与含活泼氢基团的醇、酚、胺、酯等化合物反应;与二元醇或
二元酚反应生成聚碳酸酯。DMC 分子中含有羰基、甲基、甲氧基等基团,具有
良好的反应性能,可代替剧毒的光气、硫酸二甲酯、氯甲烷等作为羰基化剂、甲
基化剂和甲氧基化剂,成为开发一系列洁净化工工艺的新基块。 
设计 3 万吨/年碳酸二甲酯的工厂设计。本次设计我选用尿素直接醇解法其
特点如下:(1)原料廉价易得;(2)工艺简单,易于操作;(3)反应产生的氨气
可以回收利用,对环境友好,绿色无污染;(4)反应过程无水生产,避免了甲醇
‐DMC‐水这复杂体系的分离问题,使后续分离提纯简单化。 
通过本次实验,我学习到了工厂设计一套生产碳酸二甲酯的工艺流程的整个
过程。 
 
关键词:碳酸二甲酯,合成,工艺流程 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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年产 3 万吨碳酸二甲酯的合成项目
Abstract
DMC (Dimethyl Carbonate, referred to as DMC): chemical formula CH3OCOOCH3,
molecular weight of , a transparent liquid at room temperature, slightly
in water, but with alcohols, ketones, esters and other any more than
compatibility. DMC toxicity is very small, essentially non-corrosive metal. DMC
continuity with the ester, the hydrolysis reaction with water; can be used with active
hydrogen groups with alcohols, phenols, amines, esters and pounds reaction;
and diols or polycarbonate dual phenol reaction. DMC molecules containing carbonyl,
methyl, methoxy and other groups, has a good reaction performance, can replace the
highly toxic phosgene, dimethyl sulfate, carbonyl chloride, etc., as agent, methyl and
methoxy agent Based agent, a chemical process developed a new series of clean
blocks.
The design I chose direct alcoholysis of urea following features: (1) cheap and readily
available raw materials; (2) process is simple, easy to operate; (3) the reaction of
ammonia can be recycled, environmentally friendly, green pollution-free; (4) The
reaction of water production, to avoid plexity of methanol-DMC-water
separation system, the subsequent separation and purification of simplicity.
Through this experiment, I learned to design a production plant in the process of
dimethyl carbonate in the whole process.

Keywor