年产4万吨碳酸二甲酯的毕业设计说明书.doc

摘要
碳酸二甲酯(Dimethyl Carbonate,简称 DMC):常温下为透明液体,略带香味。难溶于水,但能与醇、酮、酯等任意比混溶。DMC 毒性很小,对金属基本上无腐蚀性。DMC 具有酯的通性,可与水发生水解反应;可与含活泼氢基团的醇、酚、胺、酯等化合物反应;与二元醇或二元酚反应生成聚碳酸酯。DMC 分子中含有羰基、甲基、甲氧基等基团,具有良好的反应性能,可代替剧毒的光气、硫酸二甲酯、氯甲烷等作为羰基化剂、甲基化剂和甲氧基化剂,成为开发一系列洁净化工工艺的新基块。 设计4万吨/年碳酸二甲酯的工厂设计。本次设计我选用尿素直接醇解法其特点如下:(1)原料廉价易得;(2 )工艺简单,易于操作;(3 )反应产生的氨气可以回收利用,对环境友好,绿色无污染;(4 )反应过程无水生产,避免了甲醇 DMC‐水这复杂体系的分离问题,使后续分离提纯简单化。 
关键词:碳酸二甲酯,合成,工艺流程
Abstract
DMC (Dimethyl Carbonate, referred to as DMC): chemical formula CH3 OCOOCH3 a transparent liquid at room temperature, slightly in water, but with alcohols, ketones, esters and other any more patibility. DMC toxicity is very small, essentially non-corrosive metal. DMC continuity with the ester, the hydrolysis reaction with water; can be used with active hydrogen groups with alcohols, phenols, amines, esters and pounds reaction; and diols or polycarbonate dual phenol reaction. DMC molecules containing carbonyl, methyl, methoxy and other groups, has a good reaction performance, can replace the highly toxic phosgene, dimethyl sulfate, carbonyl chloride, et c., as agent, methyl and methoxy agent Based agent, a chemical process developed a new series of clean blocks. The design I chose direct alcoholysis of urea following features: (1) cheap and readily available raw materials; (2) process is simple, easy to operate; (3) the reaction of ammonia can be recycled, environmentally friendly, green pollution-free; (4) The reaction of water producti on, to avoid plexity of methanol-DMC-water separation system, the subsequent sepa ration and purificatio n of simplicity. Through this experiment, I learned to design a production plant in the process of dimethyl carbonate in the whole process.

Keywords :DMC Dimethyl  Carbonate Synthesis Process
第1章项目总论 5
项目概述 5
建设背景 5
产品简介 6
产品用途 6
国内外发展 6
市场需求 7
工艺路线 8
光气法 8
甲醇氧化羰基化法[5] 9
酯交换法 9
尿素醇解法 10
工艺路线比较 12
工作依据 13
厂址选择 13
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