动词不定式的用法.doc

动词不定式的用法动词不定式的形式: 动词不定式的用法 ⑴原则上,可用动词不定式直接作句子的主语,通常用 it作句子的形式主语,而把不定式移到后面,形成“It+谓语…+动词不定式…”的句型。如: Tocatch the 5:00bus early inthe morning isnot agood idea. Itisnot agood idea tocatch the 5:00bus early inthe morning. Tolearn aforeign language well takes painstaking efforts. Ittakes painstaking efforts tolearn aforeign language well. ⑵若要说明不定式的动作的执行者,可以在不定式前面加上“for +名词或代词”结构,或是“of+名词或代词”结构。 Itisagreat pleasure for metotalk with him. Itisvery kind ofyou tohelp me. ⑶可用于“of+名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中作主语补足语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。这些词如:careful ,cruel ,foolish ,bold ,brave , good ,honest ,kind ,rude ,polite ,nice ,stupid ,selfish ,silly ,wicked ,wise , thoughtful ,wrong 等。 :一是及物动词后直接跟带 to的不定式,二是“动词+疑问词+带to 的不定式”。⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构:常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有 afford ,appear ,agree , ask ,believe ,decide ,demand ,desire ,fail ,hope ,intend ,learn ,mean ,offer , promise ,refuse ,wish 等。如: Ican ‘tafford tobuy ahouse. ⑵“动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式”结构:常见的这类动词有 advise ,decide ,forget ,know , learn ,remember ,see ,tell ,think ,teach ,wonder ,discover ,understand ,guess , explain 等。这类疑问代(副)词what ,when ,which ,where ,how ,whether 等(不包含 why )。如: She does not know how togothere. Hewill tell you how todeal with it. ⑶在不定式作宾语时,有时我们会使用 it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面。如: They consider itinappropriate tohave classes inthe evening. (4)可以作形容词的宾语。这一类形容词有 glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious 等。例如: I”m