阅读理解答题技巧.ppt

推理判断题推理判断题要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理,推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。这类试题包括很多种,但主要考查推断隐含意义、推断目标、推断写作意图、推断观点态度等,其中重点是推断隐含意义。这类试题的题干中常含 infer( 推断), learn about( 知道), suggest( 暗示), imply( 暗示), conclude( 推断), indicate( 暗示)等词语。解答这类题的一般步骤是: :通过寻读找到相关信息点。 :理解相关信息点的字面意义。 3 .深层理解:结合语境和常识,在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断,从而理解作者的言外之意。选择答案时,注意排除以下干扰项,以便缩小选择范围: 1 .原文信息的简单重复,而非推断出来的结论。( 考生易误选) 。 。 4 .符合考生已有常识,但文章中没有信息支持。( 考生易误选) 此外,可采用主旨推断法:在理解短文大意,明确文章主旨的基础上,进行推断,从而得出符合情理的结论。解答推理判断题要以文字信息为依据,既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息进行多步推理。考生解题时通常需要透过文字的表层意思,在全文的背景下理解文章的深层含义。同时要求考生不仅要读懂所涉及内容的每个句子的意思, 还要推断出它们之间的关系,再结合自己的生活常识和经验, 通过逻辑推理和判断,理解文章的言外之意,从而揭示文章的深层含义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到,因此推理时考生务必要忠于原文,在文章中寻找并确定可推断的依据,即已知部分——推理的前提,从中推断出未知部分——推理的结论,切忌妄加评论,把自己的观点当成作者的观点。【典例 1】 Pulling heavy suitcases all day in the summer is hard work , especially when you're a thin 14 - year - was me in 1940 — the youngest and smallest baggage boy at New York City's Pennsylvania Railway Station. After just a few days on the job , I began noticing that the other fellows were overcharging 'd like to join them , thinking ,“ Everyone else is doing it. ” When I got home that night , I told my dad what I wanted to do. “ You give an honest day's work ,” he said , looking at me straight in the eye. “ They're paying they want to do that , you let them do that. ” 68. What can be inferred about the baggage boys? A. They could earn much , but they had to work hard. B. Many of them earned money in a dishonest way. C. They were all from poor families. D. They were all thin , young boys. 69. What does the father's advice imply? A. It is wrong to give more pay to the passengers. B. Don't believe them if they are paying you more. C. Don't follow others to overcharge the passengers. D. It is difficult to work hard and live as an honest boy. 解析 第68 题,由第二段的 I began noticing that the other fellows w