2012版自考英语二课文中英文对照..doc

第1课Text AText ACritical Reading Critical reading applies tonon-fiction writing inwhich the author puts forth a position orseeks tomake astatement. Critical reading isactive reading. Itinvolves more than just understanding what anauthor issaying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author issaying, and forming your own opinions about what the author issaying. Here are the things you should dotobeacritical reader. 批判性地阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么,还包括质疑和评价作者的话,并对此形成自己的观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。 Consider the context ofwhat iswritten. You may bereading something that was written byanauthor from adifferent cultural context than (=from) yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago inadifferent time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented bythe author. 考虑写作背景。你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的,或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。无论哪种情况,你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。 Question assertions made bythe author. Don't accept what iswritten atface value( 完全地,以面值/表象).Before accepting what iswritten, becertain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look tosee if(=whether) the author has integrated the work ofauthorities. 质疑作者的论点。不要轻信作品的表面意思。在接受作者观点前,首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。另外,注意作者是否参考了权威著作。 Compare what iswritten with other written work onthe subject. Look tosee that what iswritten isconsistent with what others have written about the subject. Ifthere are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies. 与同主题文章进行比较。查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。如果存在不一致性,对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。 Analyze assumptions made bythe author. Assumptions are whatever the author must believe istrue inorder tomake assertions. Inmany cases, the author's assumptions are not directly stated. This means y