5WTO基本原则21备课讲稿.ppt

:gradually,throughnegotiation贸易逐渐自由化原则Loweringtradebarriers(贸易壁垒)(ortariffs)关税andnon-tariffmeasures(非关税措施)suchasimportbansorquotas(配额)’screationin1947-48therehavebeeneightrounds(回合),undertheDohaDevelopmentAgenda(多哈发展议程),(customsduties),bythemid-1990sindustrialcountries’tariffratesonindustrialgoodshadfallensteadilytolessthan4%.Butbythe1980s,thenegotiationshadexpandedtocovernon-tariffbarriersongoods,,butitalsorequiresadjustment(调整).TheWTOagreementsallowcountriestointroducechangesgradually,through“progressiveliberalization”(渐进自由化).(可预测性)andstability(稳定性)bymakingcountries’traderulesasclearandpublic(“transparent”)(公开)(监督)ofnationaltradepoliciesthroughtheTradePolicyReviewMechanism(贸易评审机制)providesafurthermeansofencouragingtransparencybothdomesticallyandatthemultilaterallevel.(二)实施