商务英语名词解释.doc

1、 Budget -ountofprobable futureineand expenditureduringastated, period,usu、 ayearusedasaguideinmaking financialarrangements、2、 Return —回报thegain from aninvestment,eitherasineoryieldor asprofit onthesale of theinvestment、3、 Portfolio —证券投资组合theentire collectionof investmentsin theformof stocks,bonds,orcertificateofdeposits forpurposes otherthancontrolling4、 Royalty —专利税money paid totheownerofacopyrightforpermissiontopublish copyrightmaterialand totheownerofapatentforpermissiontouse apatenteddesign, usu、ata greedpercentage ofthesellingpriceofthe product、5、 Patent —专利权aspecialrighttoaninventortobetheonly persontomakeandsell,or toauthorize others tomake and sella newly-inventedmachineor process、6、 Non-tariffbarrier —非贸易壁垒all formsofman-madeobstructionstointernationaltrade otherthantariffs,includingprohibitions and quotas,etc、7、 Franchise -经销权anarrangementbywhich amonopoly produceror ownergivesanotherpermissionforthe exclusiverighttomanufactureorsell theproducts ina certainarea、8、Purchasingpower —购买力ofpersons,the public, havingthemoneytobuygoodsandservices、9、 PPP —购买力平价purchasing powerparity10、 tariff —关税taxleviedbythe customs11、barrierstotrade —贸易壁垒any actionbyagovernmentto limit orpreventthe freeflowofgoods inand outofits country、12、primarymodities —初级产品those moditiesnot processed,oronly slightlyprocessed, usually farmproduceor raw materials13、drawback —退税duties paidon importedgoodsthat arerefundedwhenre-exported14、specificduties —从量税dutiesleviedon thebasisofquantity,weight,sizeetc、of thegoods15、advaloremduties -从价税dutiesleviedonthebasisof theprice ofthegoods16、carriage —运费theprice or cost oftransportation17、voluntaryoffer —主动发盘anoffermade ontheinitiativeof the offerer18、contractingparties -缔约方signatories ofanagreement19、forcemajeure -[不可抗力]socialornatural calamitiesthattakeplacebeyond the controlof a contractingparty20、firm offer —持盘anofferwhosetermsandconditionsarebindingon the offer21、offeree —受要约人the partytowhomanoffer ismade22、hyperinflation -极度通货膨胀soaringof pric