英语词性转换大全.docx

英语词性转换名词变形容词(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词) 例如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy,health—healthy,luck—lucky,anger—angryguilt —guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的),salt(盐)—salty(咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的),sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加“-y”。如:sun—sunny,fun—funny,fog—foggy(有雾的),fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加“-y”。如:noise—noisy,ice—icy,shine—shiny(发亮的),taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)(b) 名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d。例如:spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的);talent—talented(anized 有组织的;balance—balanced(平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful,thank—thankful,help—helpful,use—useful,meaning—meaningful(d) 在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的), home—homeless(无家可归的)(e) 一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如:difference—different,silence—silent,confidence—confident(f)。在名词后加-ly变为形容词例如:friend—friendly,love—lovely,live---lively(g)。在名词后加-OUS变为形容词例如:danger—dangerous(h)名词后面加-al变为形容词例如:mUSic—mUSical;medicine—medical (这个比较特殊)(i)名词后面加-able变为形容词,如果以e结尾就去e再加“-able”。例如:adjUSt—adjUStable可调整的valUe—valUable有价值的(j)名词后面加-en变成形容词例如:wOOd—wOOden木制的wOOl—wOOlen羊毛的(k)一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加 -ese,-ish或-n构成表示国籍,语言的形容词例如:China—ChineSe,Japan—JapaneSe,England—EngliSh,America—American,India—Indian,AUstralia—AUstralian(注意Canada—Canadian)动词变名词词形不变,词性改变例如:wOrk,stUdy,water,plant 等可以用作动词(工作,学****浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学****水,植物).—些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示”某一类人”的名词例如:wOrk—wOrker,teach—teacher,sing —singer,jUmp —jUmper,play—player,learn—learner,visit —visitor,invent —inventor,collect—,在词尾加-:drive—driver,write—,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 ,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er例如:rUn—rUnner,win—winner,begin—beginner等.(c)在动词词尾加上-ment变成名词例如:achieve—achievement(成就)advertise—advertisement 例如:argue—argument(争论)(d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion 变成名词例如:attract—attraction;instruct —instruction;invent—inventiondiscuss—discussion;express —expressioneducateeducation;graduate—graduation;operate —operation(去e再加"ion")compete —competition; anization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion")decide—decisionconclude —conclusion(把de改为