高三英语语法总结.doc

高三英语语法总结在英语语言中,为了使语言简洁明了,重点突出或上下文紧密相连,可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不变,这种语言现象称之为省略。现就英语中的种种省略现象分析如下: 一、并列复合句中的省略在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如: a) The boy picked upa coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。 b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry . 你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。 c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 汤姆肯定一直在打篮球,玛丽一直在写作业。 d) Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963. 高秀敏出生于 1959 年,傅彪出生于 1963 年。二、主从复合句中的省略 1 .状语从句中的省略一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when , while , as, before , after , till , until , once 等引导的时间状语从句;由 whether , if, unless 等引导的条件状语从句;由 though , although , even if, whatever 等引导的让步状语从句;由 as, than 等引导的比较状语从句;由 as, as if, as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下面原则: 1) 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词 be ,这时从句中可出现如下结构: (1) 连词( as, as if, once )+ 名词;(2) 连词( though , whether , when ) + 形容词; (3) 连词(whether , as if, while )+ 介词短语; (4) 连词(when , while , though )+ 现在分词; (5) 连词(when , if, even if, unless , once , until , than , as)+ 过去分词; (6) 连词(as if, as though )+ 不定式。如: a) Once (he was)a worker , Pang Long now es a famous singer . 庞龙曾经是个工人,现在变成一位著名的歌手。 b) Work hard when (you are) young , or you‘ll regret. 趁年轻要努力学****要不然你会后悔的。 c) He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西。 d) While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao , US President e