Unit2GlobalInstitutionsMadebygroup5Background&GistTextAdescribestheformationandtherolesofthethreemostimportantinternationalinstitutionsthatgoverntheglobaleconomy:theIMF,theWorldBank,:aryFund,’:WBforshort,originatedinWWII,it’staskistoeradicatepovertyoftheworldWTO:anization,governinginternationaltraderelations,:大萧条(1930s)Keynesianism:凯恩斯主义IMF:(联合国)国际货币基金组织theWorldBank:世界银行WTO:世界贸易组织drawtoaclose:接近尾声“Allied”nations:同盟国asystemofrules:一系列规则postwarglobaleconomy:战后世界经济NewHampshire:新坎布什州BrettonWoodsConference:布雷顿森林体系fixedexchangerate:固定汇率reservecurrency:储蓄货币tradedeficits:贸易逆差Words&Expressionstradesurpluses:贸易顺差governinginstitution:管理机构neutraleconomicmechanisms:e:实际收入currency“convertibility”:货币自由兑换Leader-of-last-resort:最后一招emergencyloans:紧急贷款cashflowproblems:资金周转问题InternationalClearingUnion:国际清算联合会(ICM)balance-of-payment:国际收支平衡nostringsattached:无附带条件quotasystem:配额制,限额制SpecialDrawingRights(SDRs):ount:记账单位theprevailngrate:盛行利率debtorcountries:债务国goldstandard:金本位movementofcapital:资本流动InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment(IBRD):国际复兴开发银行viablemarkets:可行市场“stagesofgrowtheconomic”theory:经济成长阶段论hydroelectricprojects:水电工程concessionallendingrates:优惠贷款利率loanrepayments:外债InternationalDevelopmentAssocia
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