(word完整版)高一英语语法归纳总结(2),推荐文档.docx

高一英语语法归纳总结----:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。2•先行词:被定语从句所修饰的 名词或代词。定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导词:弓|导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词) 。(1)关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as(2)关系副词:when/where/why引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后) 。【as除外】引导词的功能(作用):(1) 连接先行词和定语从句。(2) 在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)定语从句的类型:(1)限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号 )。直接由引导词引导定语从句Themanwhoyou'+关系代词(whom/which)弓|导Themantowhomyou'.= ,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如:Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.(2)非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开 )。直接由引导词引导定语从句。由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。Iliveinahousefarawayfromthecity,,"代词/名词+of+whom/which”或"ofwhich/whom+名词/代词”(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)弓丨导。One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与 ofwhom或ofwhich连用。Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比较:Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比较:Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句 夕卜,其余引导词都可以,用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。*翹・常胄藤i•在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。2•非限定性定语从句的作用:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。Theengineer,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)Theengineerwhoselegwasbadlyhurtwasquicklysenttohospital.(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院) 内)。指人做主语时只能用 who,做宾语时用whom;指物做主语,宾语都用 which;关系副词用when或where,也不能省略。Theman, issittingonthechair,, Imetyesterday,, isfaraway,, , Ileft,:Thehouse,whosewindowfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,thewindowofwhichfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth,