粗酚分析样稿.docx

克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
题 目 粗酚分析加工及应用
班 级 工 分1311
姓 名 米列克·吾云别克
指导老师 于 平
完成日期 .
克拉玛依职业技术学院制
二〇一六年五月
粗酚分析加工及应用
摘要
酚类是煤焦油中提取关键化工产品之一，各个产品组成和产率和配煤组成、配煤性质及炼焦操作条件相关。炼焦温度越高，酚类产率越低，期中低级酚降低，而高级酚增加，煤焦油中酚类波动较大，为1%～%。其中大部分是低沸点酚类（酚、甲酚、二甲酚），通常约占煤焦油中酚类总量60%以上。而且酚类物质会使油品残炭量增加、味臭、变色、含有腐蚀性及燃烧情况不好等负面作用，所以它存在对油品是一个有害物质，但将其从煤焦油中分离精制作为化工原料却是极有价值。以酚类为原料，能够生产很多个产品如：塑料、粘结剂、杀虫剂、消毒剂、表面活性剂、鞣剂等。伴随工业快速发展，对酚类物质需求量也逐步增加。所以，从煤焦油中提取酚是对煤焦油综合利用有效路径之一。所以本文以煤焦油为研究对象，采取酸碱法对其中所含酚类物质进行提取，对粗酚精制及酚类产品用途介绍。
关键词：粗酚；酚类产品；用途
The Processing and Application of Coal Tar Phenol
ABSTRACT
phenol is one of the main chemical products from coal tar, composition, each product composition and yield of coal blending and coking properties and operating conditions on the. The higher the coking temperature, phenol yield is low, in the period of lower phenol decreased, while senior phenols increased, coal tar phenolic fluctuations, 1% ~ %. Most of them are low boiling phenols ( phenol, cresol, xylenol, generally about two ) accounted for total phenols in coal tar 60%. But phenols will make the carbon residue oil increases, foul smell, discoloration, corrosion, bad combustion conditions and other negative effects, so it is a kind of harmful substances in the oil, but from the coal tar refining as chemical raw materials is very valuable. Taking phenol as raw material, can produce many kinds of products such as: plastic, adhesive, insecticide, disinfectant, surfactant, tanning agent. With the rapid development of industry, the demand for phenols increased. Therefore, the extraction of phenol from coal tar is one of the effective ways for comprehensive utilization of coal tar. So in this paper, taking coal tar as the object of study, were used to extract phenolic compounds containing the acid-base method, on the refined and crude phenol phenolic products use introduction.
keyword :coal tar；phenol phenolic；products refined use