英语修辞手法.ppt

英语修辞手法
明喻
隐喻,暗喻
借喻,转喻　
提喻　
通感,联觉,移觉　
拟人
夸张　
排比, 平行　
委婉,婉辞法
讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）
反语　
双关
仿拟
question 修辞疑问（反问）
对照,对比,对偶
隽语
反意法,逆喻
渐进法,层进法
渐降法
['sɪmɪlɪ] 明喻
It is a comparison between two distinctly different things and the comparison is indicated by the word as or like.
　　,而不是事物的自然属性.
　　标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
　　例如:
　　1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
　　2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
　　3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
['metəfə; -fɔː] 隐喻,暗喻
It is the use of a word which originally denotes one thing to refer to another with a similar quality.
　　隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
　　例如:
　　1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
　　2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
 [mɪ'tɒnɪmɪ]  借喻,转喻
It is substituting the name of one thing for that of another with which it is closely associated.
　　借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.
　　,例如:
　　1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.
　　2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.
　　,例如:
　　Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
　　,例如:
　　a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
　　,例如:
　　I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.
[sɪ'nekdəkɪ] 提喻
When a part is substituted for the whole or the whole is substituted for a part,synecdoche is applied.
　　提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
　　例如:
　　1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)
　　他的厂里约有100名工人.
　　2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
　　他是本世纪的牛顿.
　　3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）
　　这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.