Cell-20Biology-201.ppt

Cell Biology
Tool for studying microbiology:
Microscopes and Microscopy
Microscope:
(a) Bright-field
(b) Phase contrast
(c) Dark-field
(d) Fluorescence
Staining: Dyes can be used to stain cells and increase their contrast-Gram Staining
The Prokaryotic Cells
Consisting of cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, ribosomes, inclusions, chromosome, flagella
Morphology of Prokaryotes
us or i
Rod
Spirillum or Spirilla
Spirochete
Budding and appendaged
Filamentous
The Eukaryotic Cells
Chloroplast
Cytoplasmic Membrane: Structure
Cytoplasmic Membrane: Structure
Lipid bilayers, flexible structures, embedded with proteins.
Structure of the cytoplasmic membrane
Prokaryotes
Membrane Stabilizers:
hydrogen bonds
hydrophobic interactions
Mg2+, Ca2+, hopanoids
Membrane Strengthening Agents: Sterols and Hopanoids
(a) General structure of a sterol;
(b) The structure of cholesterol;
(c) The structure of the hopanoid
diploptene.
Enkaryotes membrane stabilizer:
Sterol
Archaeal Membranes
Chemical
linkages in lipids:
(a) ester linkage
(b) ether linkage
(c) isoprene