我国环境执法体制问题地研究.pdf

Classified Index: CODE: 10075 .: NO: 20090247 A Dissertation for the Degree of The Study On Chinese Environmental Law Enforcement System Candidate: Dong Xiaowei Supervisor: Meng Qingyu Academic Degree Applied for: Master of law Specialty: Ecnomic law University: Hebei University Date of Oral Examination: June , 2012 摘要 I 摘 要 随着我国科学技术与国际先进水平的日趋接近,在某些领域甚至已经独占鳌头,带来了生产力的极大提高,这都使得我国经济法发展的步伐逐渐的加深加快。然而,快速的发展除了给国家和人民带来了日益富裕的生活条件和丰富的物质条件之外,也带来了一系列负面的、不和谐的结果:诸多的环境问题。近年来大大小小的环境污染事件时有发生, 海洋石油污染、江河湖波的和湿地的保护不到位以及大气和土地的污染使得及时、高效的治理污染已经迫在眉睫。 我国早在1989 年12 月就制定了《中华人民共和国环境保护法》,随后又相应出台了相关的大气、水保护的法律以及单行法律法规,以此为基础,我国形成了一套环境保护执法监管体制,该体制以环境保护行政主管部门为主,多部门各负其责,协作执法为特点。该特点的优势在于职权主次分明,结构层级充分,基本上涵盖了社会经济生活中与环境保护密切相关的各个领域。然而该特点的不足之处在于:政出多门,具体执法层级较多,容易造成执法监管的混乱和低效。要到位、及时、高效的解决好当前我国社会经济生活中的诸多环境问题,减少污染事件的发生,对现有体制的改革和创新,势在必行。 笔者通过案头研究和实地调研考察,结合所学的专业知识,在本文中对我国当前现行的环保执法监管体制的现状与不足进行分析,剖析深层的原因,通过对比国外比较成功的环保执法监管经验,结合我国国情与实际情况,试图提出自己的不成熟的完善意见与建议,权当抛砖引玉。本文将对我国现阶段的环境执法体制问题进行归类、分析、研究,进而对环境执法体制的主体、职责权限、执法方式、救济、运行程序以及司法配合度等分别论证,并相应的依次提出解决的方案和构想。 关键词 环境执法体制 缺陷与问题 改革与完善 Abstract II Abstract With the rapid development of science a nd technology,Chinese economic development has made tremendous achievements as each c ountry of the world see. However, rapid development has also brought a number of environmental problems. In recent years environmental natural phenomenon happens fr equently, Include marine pollution, lake pollution,all of that need high efficiency environmental law enforcement system to Solve. China as early as December 1989 on the develo pment of the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China",after th at atmosphere and wate r protection laws were formulated aslo. As the basis, China has fo rmed a set of environmental protection law enforcement and regulatory system. The characteristics of this system is Environmental protection administrative department-based, multisectoral each responsible and multipl