高考英语短文改错出题规律及应试策略.doc

高考英语短文改错出题规律及应试策略短文改错是集多项语法规则和多种语言技能于一身的综合能力测试题型。此题型要求学生根据语法结构、词汇意义、上下文等进行综合判断,找出错误,考查学生在语篇中对语言的观察能力、评价能力, 以及综合运用英语的准确性能力。短文改错的语言材料往往取自于学生的作品, 词数在 100-120 左右; 短文为常见话题或学生身边事, 以书信、日记、记叙文为主; 语言简单易懂, 没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。然而, 很多同学在做此题时不知如何下手, 特别是在读不懂文章的时候, 草草了事, 得分率很低。尤其, 09 年浙江英语高考卷的短文改错题进行了改版, 就是没有给学生制定哪一行有错, 而是让学生在阅读过程中自己寻找, 这在一定程度上加大了难度。其实, 不管以怎样的形式出题,短文改错都是有规律可循的。如果熟悉出题规律,有效掌握解题思路,此类题目就会迎刃而解。下面总结了几点出题规律和解题思路。: 1. 名词:单复数混用;不可数名词误用可数名词。如: (1) One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, …讲解: one of 后跟名词的复数形式,应此应该把 friend 改为 friends 。(2) I gave him some advices on study. 讲解: advice 为不可数名词,故应把 advices 改为 advice 。常考的不可数名词有: progress , information , news , equipment 等。 2. 动词:时态、主谓是否一致、语态、非谓语动词。如: (1). 时态混用 I stood there and couldn ’t believe that plete stranger is so thoughtful. 讲解:很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式,因此应把 is 改为 was 。(2). 主谓不一致 There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening. 讲解:句中 a football game 决定了谓语动词必须用单数,所以应该把 were 改为 was 。(3). 语态 Dinosaurs were disappeared in the old times. 讲解: “恐龙消失”是主动,所以应该把 were 去掉。英语中不及物动词没有被动。如: appear , happen , break out , take place 等。(4). 非谓语动词 The hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping …讲解: 第二句的主谓语动词是 was escaping , keeping the balloon up, 是 V- ing 形式作定语修饰 the air , 因此应把 keeps 改为 keeping 。 It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return. 讲解: 在结构 it is/ wa