高频激振时效装置的研究.pdf

哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文高频激振时效装置的研究姓名:张厚琛申请学位级别:硕士专业:机械电子工程指导教师:谭定忠 20110315 高频激振时效装置的研究摘要激振时效是一种新兴的时效方式,与传统的自然时效和热时效相比具有处理周期短、能源消耗少、操作简单等优势,特别适合于对大型构件进行时效处理。但是由于目前对于激振时效机理及装置的研究并不成熟,所以尚未得到大规模的推广和应用。因此,针对激振时效技术的研究和开发具有很高的实用价值和应用前景。本文在了解残余应力产生原因及消除途径的基础上对激振时效的机理进行了分析和研究;对超声波磁致伸缩换能器的工作原理和设计方法进行了研究;成功的研制出了能够有效消除残余应力的高频激振时效装置。装置由振子、变幅杆和激振源三个部分组成:在对磁致伸缩材料的磁致伸缩性能进行研究的基础上,运用解析法推导出变压器形换能器的机电状态方程和机械等效图,并研制出了能够产生超声振动的振子;对不同形状的变幅杆的特点进行分析和研究,选用圆锥形平滑过渡的阶梯形变幅杆对振子的振速进行放大,采用解析法推导出其机械振动方程,在此基础上计算出变幅杆的结构尺寸,并运用ANSYS软件对变幅杆进行模态和谐振分析,验证了设计的合理性;设计出了能够给振子提供交变流电的激振源,它由整流电路、功率放大电路、匹配电路等组成,通过调试和优化使整个系统的输出功率达到最大。运用所研制的激振时效装置对焊接钢板进行消除应力的实验,使用盲孔法来测试应力的大小。对激振时效前后的残余应力进行对比分析,结果表明所研制的装置可有效地消除和均化残余应力。关键词:残余应力;时效;磁致伸缩;超声波换能器高频激振时效装置的研究 paring with traditional natural stress relief(NSR)and temperature stressrelief (TSR),vibration stressrelief(VSR),which isstill anew developing technology,has alot ofadvantages such as shorter processing cycle,less energy consumption,easier operation and suitable ponents than traditional stress ,as the current research onmechanism and Device ofthistechnology is notmature untilnow, VSR has not received large·scalepromotion and the research and development on VSR technology hasbig practical value and good application prospect· In this paper,the mechanism of VSR isanalyzed and researched based on understanding the reason ofresidual stressgeneration and theway ofhow toeliminate theworking principle anddesign method ostriction transducer have been studied;a VSR equipment usedforeliminating residual stresshas been essfullydeveloped. The equipment includes threeparts:vibrator,amplitude transformer,power supply. After understanding the ostrictive effect ofmaterial,the state equation and equivalent diagrams oftransformertype transducer are derived,and the vibrator which can generic ultrasonic vibration has also been on theanalysis according to different shapes ofamplitude transformer,the step-like amplitude tran