Electron Spectroscopy Studies of Carbon Nanotubes.pdf

Electron Spectroscopy Studies
of Carbon Nanotubes
H. Fink1 and Philippe Lambin2
1 Institut f¨ur Festk¨orper- und Werkstofforschung Dresden
Postfach 270016, 01171 Dresden, Germany
j.******@ifw-
2 D´epartement de Physique, Facult´es Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix
61 rue du Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
philippe.******@
Abstract. Electron spectroscopies play an essential role in the experimental char-
acterization of the electronic structure of solids. After a short description of the
techniques used, the paper reviews some of the most important results obtained
on purified single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes, and intercalated nanotubes
as well. An analysis of the occupied and upied electron states, and the plas-
mon structure of the nanotubes is provided. How this information can be used to
characterize the samples is discussed. Whenever possible, parison between
nanotube data and those fromgraphite and C 60 fullerene is made, as to draw a
coherent picture in the light of recent theories on the electronic properties of these
C-sp2 materials.
Carbon-based π-electron system are ing more and more important in
solid state physics, chemistry and in material science. These -
prise graphite, conjugated polymers and oligomers, fullerenes and carbon
nanotubes. Many systems can be “doped” or intercalated. In this way new
materials can be tailored having interesting properties. These new materials
have often e pounds in solid state physics since they show
metallic and semiconducting behavior, superconductivity and ism.
Correlation effects, which result from electron-electron interactions, and the
electron-phonon interaction, are important in many ofthese systems. Dimen-
sionality plays an important role, too. Thus many ofthe interesting questions
ofpresent solid state research are encountered again in the carbon-based π-
electron systems.
Moreover, some ofthese materials have high technical potential. They
show